Convert many of the now-deprecated plString::Format calls to plFormat

Sources/Plasma/Apps/plClient/plClient.cpp

@@ -774,8 +774,8 @@ bool plClient::MsgReceive(plMessage* msg)
     plEventCallbackMsg* callback = plEventCallbackMsg::ConvertNoRef(msg);
     if( callback )
     {
-        plString str = plString::Format("Callback event from %s\n", callback->GetSender()
+        plString str = plFormat("Callback event from {}\n", callback->GetSender()
-                        ? callback->GetSender()->GetName().c_str()
+                        ? callback->GetSender()->GetName()
                         : "Unknown");
         hsStatusMessage(str.c_str());
         static int gotten = 0;

Sources/Plasma/Apps/plPageInfo/plPageInfo.cpp

@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ public:
         const plPageInfo& info = page->GetPageInfo();
 
         plFileName fileName = plFileName::Join(fOutputDir,
-                plString::Format("%s_%s.csv", info.GetAge().c_str(), info.GetPage().c_str()));
+                plFormat("{}_{}.csv", info.GetAge(), info.GetPage()));
         fStream.Open(fileName, "wt");
 
         page->LoadKeys();

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfAnimation/plAnimDebugList.cpp

@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ void plAnimDebugList::ShowReport()
         if (!mod)
             continue;
 
-        str = plString::Format("  %s", so->GetKeyName().c_str());
+        str = plFormat("  {}", so->GetKeyName());
         txt.DrawString(x, y, str.c_str());
         y += yOff;
 

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfConsole/pfConsole.cpp

@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ bool    pfConsole::MsgReceive( plMessage *msg )
         plString prefix = plProduct::ShortName();
 
         // List all of the PNG indices we have taken up already...
-        plString pattern = plString::Format("%s*.png", prefix.c_str());
+        plString pattern = plFormat("{}*.png", prefix);
         std::vector<plFileName> images = plFileSystem::ListDir(screenshots, pattern.c_str());
         std::set<uint32_t> indices;
         std::for_each(images.begin(), images.end(),
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ bool    pfConsole::MsgReceive( plMessage *msg )
         }
 
         // Got our num, save the screenshot.
-        plFileName fn = plString::Format("%s%04d.png", prefix.c_str(), num);
+        plFileName fn = plFormat("{}{_04}.png", prefix, num);
         plPNG::Instance().WriteToFile(plFileName::Join(screenshots, fn), capMsg->GetMipmap());
 
         AddLineF("Saved screenshot as '%s'", fn.AsString().c_str());
@@ -325,8 +325,8 @@ bool    pfConsole::MsgReceive( plMessage *msg )
             {
                 // Change the following line once we have a better way of reporting
                 // errors in the parsing
-                plString str = plString::Format("Error parsing %s", cmd->GetString());
+                plString str = plFormat("Error parsing {}", cmd->GetString());
-                plString msg = plString::Format("%s:\n\nCommand: '%s'\n%s", fEngine->GetErrorMsg(), fEngine->GetLastErrorLine(),
+                plString msg = plFormat("{}:\n\nCommand: '{}'\n{}", fEngine->GetErrorMsg(), fEngine->GetLastErrorLine(),
 #ifdef HS_DEBUGGING
                         "" );
 

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfConsole/pfConsoleCommands.cpp

@@ -2872,7 +2872,7 @@ PF_CONSOLE_CMD( Camera,     // groupName
 PF_CONSOLE_CMD( Camera, SwitchTo, "string cameraName", "Switch to the named camera")
 {
     char str[256];
-    plString foo = plString::Format("%s_", (char*)params[0]);
+    plString foo = plFormat("{}_", (char*)params[0]);
     plKey key = FindObjectByNameAndType(foo, "plCameraModifier1", "", str, true);
     PrintString(str);
 
@@ -4204,7 +4204,7 @@ PF_CONSOLE_CMD( Access,
 {
     char str[256];
     char* preFix = params[0];
-    plString name = plString::Format("%s_plMorphSequence_0", preFix);
+    plString name = plFormat("{}_plMorphSequence_0", preFix);
     plKey key = FindObjectByName(name, plMorphSequence::Index(), "", str);
     PrintString(str);
     if (!key)
@@ -4229,7 +4229,7 @@ PF_CONSOLE_CMD( Access,
 {
     char str[256];
     char* preFix = params[0];
-    plString name = plString::Format("%s_plMorphSequence_2", preFix);
+    plString name = plFormat("{}_plMorphSequence_2", preFix);
     plKey key = FindObjectByName(name, plMorphSequence::Index(), "", str);
     PrintString(str);
     if (!key)
@@ -4250,7 +4250,7 @@ PF_CONSOLE_CMD( Access,
 {
     char str[256];
     char* preFix = params[0];
-    plString name = plString::Format("%s_plMorphSequence_2", preFix);
+    plString name = plFormat("{}_plMorphSequence_2", preFix);
     plKey key = FindObjectByName(name, plMorphSequence::Index(), "", str);
     PrintString(str);
     if (!key)
@@ -4405,7 +4405,7 @@ PF_CONSOLE_CMD( Access,
 
     seq->Activate();
 
-    PrintString(plString::Format("%s Active\n", seq->GetKey()->GetName().c_str()).c_str());
+    PrintString(plFormat("{} Active\n", seq->GetKey()->GetName()).c_str());
 }
 
 PF_CONSOLE_CMD( Access,
@@ -4422,7 +4422,7 @@ PF_CONSOLE_CMD( Access,
 
     seq->DeActivate();
 
-    PrintString(plString::Format("%s Unactive\n", seq->GetKey()->GetName().c_str()).c_str());
+    PrintString(plFormat("{} Unactive\n", seq->GetKey()->GetName()).c_str());
 }
 
 PF_CONSOLE_CMD( Access,
@@ -4444,8 +4444,7 @@ PF_CONSOLE_CMD( Access,
     seq->SetUseSharedMesh(true);
     seq->AddSharedMesh(item->fMeshes[plClothingItem::kLODHigh]);
 
-    PrintString(plString::Format("%s on item %s\n", seq->GetKey()->GetName().c_str(),
+    PrintString(plFormat("{} on item {}\n", seq->GetKey()->GetName(), (char *)params[0]).c_str());
-                                 (char *)params[0]).c_str());
 }
 
 #include "pfSurface/plFadeOpacityMod.h"
@@ -6869,8 +6868,7 @@ PF_CONSOLE_CMD( Python,
     plString args;
     if (numParams > 1) 
     {
-        const char* tmp = params[1];
+        args = plFormat("({},)", (char*)params[1]);
-        args = plString::Format("(%s,)", tmp);
     }
     else
         args = "()";

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfConsole/pfDispatchLog.cpp

@@ -298,14 +298,14 @@ static bool DumpSpecificMsgInfo(plMessage* msg, plString& info)
                     const plPageInfo* pageInfo = plKeyFinder::Instance().GetLocationInfo(loc);
 
                     if (pageInfo)
-                        info += plString::Format("%s-%s ", pageInfo->GetAge().c_str(), pageInfo->GetPage().c_str());
+                        info += plFormat("{}-{} ", pageInfo->GetAge(), pageInfo->GetPage());
                 }
             }
             break;
 
         case plClientMsg::kLoadAgeKeys:
         case plClientMsg::kReleaseAgeKeys:
-            info += plString::Format(" - Age: %s", clientMsg->GetAgeName().c_str());
+            info += plFormat(" - Age: {}", clientMsg->GetAgeName());
             break;
         }
         return true;
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ static bool DumpSpecificMsgInfo(plMessage* msg, plString& info)
         GetType(kOnRequest);
         GetType(kOnRemove);
         GetType(kOnReplace);
-        info = plString::Format("Obj: %s RefType: %s", refMsg->GetRef()->GetKeyName().c_str(), typeName);
+        info = plFormat("Obj: {} RefType: {}", refMsg->GetRef()->GetKeyName(), typeName);
 
         return true;
     }

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfConsoleCore/pfConsoleEngine.cpp

@@ -152,11 +152,11 @@ bool    pfConsoleEngine::PrintCmdHelp( char *name, void (*PrintFn)( const char *
         if( group == pfConsoleCmdGroup::GetBaseGroup() )
             PrintFn("Base commands and groups:");
         else
-            PrintFn(plString::Format("Group %s:", group->GetName()).c_str());
+            PrintFn(plFormat("Group {}:", group->GetName()).c_str());
         PrintFn("  Subgroups:");
         for( subGrp = group->GetFirstSubGroup(); subGrp != nil; subGrp = subGrp->GetNext() )
         {
-            PrintFn(plString::Format("    %s", subGrp->GetName()).c_str());
+            PrintFn(plFormat("    {}", subGrp->GetName()).c_str());
         }
         PrintFn("  Commands:");
         for( cmd = group->GetFirstCommand(); cmd != nil; cmd = cmd->GetNext() )
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ bool    pfConsoleEngine::PrintCmdHelp( char *name, void (*PrintFn)( const char *
             }
             tempString[ i ] = 0;
 
-            PrintFn(plString::Format("    %s: %s", cmd->GetName(), tempString).c_str());
+            PrintFn(plFormat("    {}: {}", cmd->GetName(), tempString).c_str());
         }
 
         return true;
@@ -182,9 +182,9 @@ bool    pfConsoleEngine::PrintCmdHelp( char *name, void (*PrintFn)( const char *
     }
 
     /// That's it!
-    PrintFn(plString::Format("\nHelp for the command %s:", cmd->GetName()).c_str());
+    PrintFn(plFormat("\nHelp for the command {}:", cmd->GetName()).c_str());
-    PrintFn(plString::Format("\\i%s", cmd->GetHelp()).c_str());
+    PrintFn(plFormat("\\i{}", cmd->GetHelp()).c_str());
-    PrintFn(plString::Format("\\iUsage: %s", cmd->GetSignature()).c_str());
+    PrintFn(plFormat("\\iUsage: {}", cmd->GetSignature()).c_str());
 
     return true;
 }
@@ -368,12 +368,9 @@ bool    pfConsoleEngine::RunCommand( char *line, void (*PrintFn)( const char * )
                     cmd->GetSigEntry( (uint8_t)numParams ) != pfConsoleCmd::kNone ) )
     {
         // Print help string and return
-        static char     string[ 512 ];
-
         ISetErrorMsg( "" ); // Printed on next line
         PrintFn("Invalid parameters to command");
-        sprintf( string, "Usage: %s", cmd->GetSignature() );
+        PrintFn(plFormat("Usage: {}", cmd->GetSignature()).c_str());
-        PrintFn( string );
         return false;
     }
 

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfGameGUIMgr/pfGUICtrlGenerator.cpp

@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ plString pfGUICtrlGenerator::IGetNextKeyName( const char *prefix )
 {
     static uint32_t keyCount = 0;
 
-    return plString::Format( "%s%d", prefix, keyCount++ );
+    return plFormat("{}{}", prefix, keyCount++);
 }
 
 //// IAddKey /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfGameGUIMgr/pfGUIListElement.cpp

@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ pfGUIListPicture::pfGUIListPicture( plKey mipKey, bool respectAlpha ) : pfGUILis
     {
         // Gotta make and grab an uncompressed one
         plMipmap *uncompBuffer = hsCodecManager::Instance().CreateUncompressedMipmap( mip, hsCodecManager::k32BitDepth );
-        plString str = plString::Format( "%s_uncomp", mip->GetKeyName().c_str() );
+        plString str = plFormat("{}_uncomp", mip->GetKeyName());
         fMipmapKey = hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey( str, uncompBuffer, fMipmapKey->GetUoid().GetLocation() );
         fMipmapKey->RefObject();
     }

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfGameGUIMgr/pfGUIPopUpMenu.cpp

@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ class pfPopUpKeyGenerator
 
         plKey   CreateKey( hsKeyedObject *ko )
         {
-            plString name = plString::Format( "%s-%d", fPrefix, fKeyCount++ );
+            plString name = plFormat("{}-{}", fPrefix, fKeyCount++);
 
             return hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey( name, ko, fLoc );
         }

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfJournalBook/pfJournalBook.cpp

@@ -3036,11 +3036,11 @@ plLayerBink *pfJournalBook::IMakeMovieLayer(pfEsHTMLChunk *chunk, uint16_t x, ui
         static int uniqueSuffix = 0;
         plString buff;
 
-        buff = plString::Format("%s_%d_ml", GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), uniqueSuffix);
+        buff = plFormat("{}_{}_ml", GetKey()->GetName(), uniqueSuffix);
         layer = new plLayer;
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, layer, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
-        buff = plString::Format("%s_%d_m", GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), uniqueSuffix++);
+        buff = plFormat("{}_{}_m", GetKey()->GetName(), uniqueSuffix++);
         movieLayer = new plLayerBink;
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, movieLayer, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
         movieLayer->GetKey()->RefObject(); // we want to own a ref so we can nuke it at will
@@ -3183,7 +3183,7 @@ plLayerInterface *pfJournalBook::IMakeBaseLayer(plMipmap *image)
 
     // We'll need a unique name. This is a hack, but an effective hack.
     static int uniqueSuffix = 0;
-    plString buff = plString::Format("%s_%d", GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), uniqueSuffix++);
+    plString buff = plFormat("{}_{}", GetKey()->GetName(), uniqueSuffix++);
 
     plLayer* layer = new plLayer;
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, layer, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
@@ -3237,7 +3237,7 @@ plLayerInterface *pfJournalBook::IMakeDecalLayer(pfEsHTMLChunk *decalChunk, plMi
 
     // We'll need a unique name. This is a hack, but an effective hack.
     static int uniqueSuffix = 0;
-    plString buff = plString::Format("%s_%d_d", GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), uniqueSuffix++);
+    plString buff = plFormat("{}_{}_d", GetKey()->GetName(), uniqueSuffix++);
 
     plLayer* layer = new plLayer;
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, layer, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfLocalizationMgr/pfLocalizationDataMgr.cpp

@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ void XMLCALL LocalizationXMLFile::StartTag(void *userData, const XML_Char *eleme
     else if (wElement == "translation")
         file->IHandleTranslationTag(parentTag, newTag);
     else
-        file->AddError(plString::Format("Unknown tag %s found", wElement.c_str()));
+        file->AddError(plFormat("Unknown tag {} found", wElement));
 }
 
 void XMLCALL LocalizationXMLFile::EndTag(void *userData, const XML_Char *element)
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ LocalizationXMLFile::set LocalizationDatabase::IMergeSetData(LocalizationXMLFile
             firstSet[curElement->first] = curElement->second;
         else // merge the element in
             firstSet[curElement->first] = IMergeElementData(firstSet[curElement->first], curElement->second, fileName, 
-                plString::Format("%s.%s", path.c_str(), curElement->first.c_str()));
+                plFormat("{}.{}", path, curElement->first));
     }
 
     return firstSet;
@@ -515,7 +515,7 @@ LocalizationXMLFile::age LocalizationDatabase::IMergeAgeData(LocalizationXMLFile
             firstAge[curSet->first] = curSet->second;
         else // merge the data in
             firstAge[curSet->first] = IMergeSetData(firstAge[curSet->first], curSet->second, fileName, 
-                plString::Format("%s.%s", path.c_str(), curSet->first.c_str()));
+                plFormat("{}.{}", path, curSet->first));
     }
 
     return firstAge;
@@ -919,7 +919,7 @@ void pfLocalizationDataMgr::IConvertSet(LocSetInfo *setInfo, const plString & cu
         LocElementInfo elementInfo;
         elementInfo.fElement = curElement->second;
 
-        IConvertElement(&elementInfo, plString::Format("%s.%s", curPath.c_str(), curElement->first.c_str()));
+        IConvertElement(&elementInfo, plFormat("{}.{}", curPath, curElement->first));
     }
 }
 
@@ -933,7 +933,7 @@ void pfLocalizationDataMgr::IConvertAge(LocAgeInfo *ageInfo, const plString & cu
         LocSetInfo setInfo;
         setInfo.fSet = curSet->second;
 
-        IConvertSet(&setInfo, plString::Format("%s.%s", curPath.c_str(), curSet->first.c_str()));
+        IConvertSet(&setInfo, plFormat("{}.{}", curPath, curSet->first));
     }
 }
 
@@ -948,26 +948,26 @@ void pfLocalizationDataMgr::IWriteText(const plFileName & filename, const plStri
     plStringStream fileData;
     fileData << "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\n";
     fileData << "<localizations>\n";
-    fileData << plString::Format("\t<age name=\"%s\">\n", ageName.c_str());
+    fileData << plFormat("\t<age name=\"{}\">\n", ageName);
 
     std::vector<plString> setNames = GetSetList(ageName);
     for (int curSet = 0; curSet < setNames.size(); curSet++)
     {
         setEmpty = true; // so far, this set is empty
         plStringStream setCode;
-        setCode << plString::Format("\t\t<set name=\"%s\">\n", setNames[curSet].c_str());
+        setCode << plFormat("\t\t<set name=\"{}\">\n", setNames[curSet]);
 
         std::vector<plString> elementNames = GetElementList(ageName, setNames[curSet]);
         for (int curElement = 0; curElement < elementNames.size(); curElement++)
         {
-            setCode << plString::Format("\t\t\t<element name=\"%s\">\n", elementNames[curElement].c_str());
+            setCode << plFormat("\t\t\t<element name=\"{}\">\n", elementNames[curElement]);
-            plString key = plString::Format("%s.%s.%s", ageName.c_str(), setNames[curSet].c_str(), elementNames[curElement].c_str());
+            plString key = plFormat("{}.{}.{}", ageName, setNames[curSet], elementNames[curElement]);
 
             if (fLocalizedElements[key].find(languageName) != fLocalizedElements[key].end())
             {
                 weWroteData = true;
                 setEmpty = false;
-                setCode << plString::Format("\t\t\t\t<translation language=\"%s\">", languageName.c_str());
+                setCode << plFormat("\t\t\t\t<translation language=\"{}\">", languageName);
                 setCode << fLocalizedElements[key][languageName].ToXML();
                 setCode << "</translation>\n";
             }
@@ -1093,7 +1093,7 @@ pfLocalizedString pfLocalizationDataMgr::GetSpecificElement(const plString & nam
 std::vector<plString> pfLocalizationDataMgr::GetLanguages(const plString & ageName, const plString & setName, const plString & elementName)
 {
     std::vector<plString> retVal;
-    plString key = plString::Format("%s.%s.%s", ageName.c_str(), setName.c_str(), elementName.c_str());
+    plString key = plFormat("{}.{}.{}", ageName, setName, elementName);
     if (fLocalizedElements.exists(key))
     {
         // age, set, and element exists
@@ -1209,8 +1209,8 @@ void pfLocalizationDataMgr::WriteDatabaseToDisk(const plFileName & path)
     {
         for (int curLanguage = 0; curLanguage < languageNames.size(); curLanguage++)
         {
-            plFileName locPath = plFileName::Join(path, plString::Format("%s%s.loc",
+            plFileName locPath = plFileName::Join(path, plFormat("{}{}.loc",
-                                    ageNames[curAge].c_str(), languageNames[curLanguage].c_str()));
+                                    ageNames[curAge], languageNames[curLanguage]));
             IWriteText(locPath, ageNames[curAge], languageNames[curLanguage]);
         }
     }

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfPython/cyAvatar.cpp

@@ -1272,7 +1272,7 @@ PyObject* cyAvatar::GetTintClothingItemL(const plString& clothing_name, uint8_t
         }
     }
 
-    plString errmsg = plString::Format("Cannot find clothing item %s to find out what tint it is", clothing_name.c_str());
+    plString errmsg = plFormat("Cannot find clothing item {} to find out what tint it is", clothing_name);
     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_KeyError, errmsg.c_str());
     // returning nil means an error occurred
     return nil;

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfPython/cyMisc.cpp

@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ PyObject* cyMisc::FindSceneObject(const plString& name, const char* ageName)
 
     if ( key == nil )
     {
-        plString errmsg = plString::Format("Sceneobject %s not found",name.c_str());
+        plString errmsg = plFormat("Sceneobject {} not found", name);
         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_NameError, errmsg.c_str());
         return nil; // return nil cause we errored
     }
@@ -935,7 +935,7 @@ PyObject* cyMisc::GetDialogFromTagID(uint32_t tag)
             return pyGUIDialog::New(pdialog->GetKey());
     }
 
-    plString errmsg = plString::Format("GUIDialog TagID %d not found", tag);
+    plString errmsg = plFormat("GUIDialog TagID {} not found", tag);
     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_KeyError, errmsg.c_str());
     return nil; // return nil, cause we threw an error
 }
@@ -951,7 +951,7 @@ PyObject* cyMisc::GetDialogFromString(const char* name)
             return pyGUIDialog::New(pdialog->GetKey());
     }
 
-    plString errmsg = plString::Format("GUIDialog %s not found", name);
+    plString errmsg = plFormat("GUIDialog {} not found", name);
     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_KeyError, errmsg.c_str());
     return nil; // return nil, cause we threw an error
 }
@@ -2497,7 +2497,7 @@ plString cyMisc::GetCameraNumber(int number)
     if (pCam && pCam->GetTarget())
     {
         plString ret = pCam->GetTarget()->GetKeyName();
-        plString log = plString::Format("saving camera named %s to chronicle\n", ret.c_str());
+        plString log = plFormat("saving camera named {} to chronicle\n", ret);
         plVirtualCam1::Instance()->AddMsgToLog(log.c_str());
         return ret;
     }
@@ -2508,7 +2508,7 @@ plString cyMisc::GetCameraNumber(int number)
 void cyMisc::RebuildCameraStack(const plString& name, const char* ageName)
 {
     plKey key=nil;
-    plString str = plString::Format("attempting to restore camera named %s from chronicle\n",name.c_str());
+    plString str = plFormat("attempting to restore camera named {} from chronicle\n", name);
     plVirtualCam1::Instance()->AddMsgToLog(str.c_str());
 
     if (name.Compare("empty") == 0)
@@ -2525,7 +2525,7 @@ void cyMisc::RebuildCameraStack(const plString& name, const char* ageName)
         {
             // give up and force built in 3rd person
             plVirtualCam1::Instance()->PushThirdPerson();
-            plString errmsg = plString::Format("Sceneobject %s not found",name.c_str());
+            plString errmsg = plFormat("Sceneobject {} not found", name);
             PyErr_SetString(PyExc_NameError, errmsg.c_str());
         }
     }
@@ -2549,7 +2549,7 @@ void cyMisc::RebuildCameraStack(const plString& name, const char* ageName)
             }
         }
         plVirtualCam1::Instance()->PushThirdPerson();
-        plString errmsg = plString::Format("Sceneobject %s has no camera modifier",name.c_str());
+        plString errmsg = plFormat("Sceneobject {} has no camera modifier", name);
         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_NameError, errmsg.c_str());
     }
     

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfPython/cyPhysics.cpp

@@ -322,8 +322,8 @@ void cyPhysics::Move(pyVector3& direction, float distance)
             }
             else
             {
-                plString errmsg = plString::Format("Sceneobject %s does not have a coordinate interface.",
+                plString errmsg = plFormat("Sceneobject {} does not have a coordinate interface.",
-                                                   obj->GetKeyName().c_str());
+                                           obj->GetKeyName());
                 PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, errmsg.c_str());
             }
         }
@@ -392,8 +392,8 @@ void cyPhysics::Rotate(float rad, pyVector3& axis)
             }
             else
             {
-                plString errmsg = plString::Format("Sceneobject %s does not have a coordinate interface.",
+                plString errmsg = plFormat("Sceneobject {} does not have a coordinate interface.",
-                                                   obj->GetKeyName().c_str());
+                                           obj->GetKeyName());
                 PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, errmsg.c_str());
             }
         }

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfPython/cyPythonInterface.cpp

@@ -2003,7 +2003,7 @@ PyObject* PythonInterface::CreateModule(const char* module)
     if ((m = PyDict_GetItemString(modules, module)) != NULL && PyModule_Check(m))
     {
         // clear it
-        hsAssert(false, plString::Format("ERROR! Creating a python module of the same name - %s", module).c_str());
+        hsAssert(false, plFormat("ERROR! Creating a python module of the same name - {}", module).c_str());
         _PyModule_Clear(m);
     }
 

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfPython/plPythonFileMod.cpp

@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@ bool plPythonFileMod::ILoadPythonCode()
 #ifndef PLASMA_EXTERNAL_RELEASE
     // get code from file and execute in module
     // see if the file exists first before trying to import it
-    plFileName pyfile = plFileName::Join(".", "python", plString::Format("%s.py", fPythonFile.c_str()));
+    plFileName pyfile = plFileName::Join(".", "python", plFormat("{}.py", fPythonFile));
     if (plFileInfo(pyfile).Exists())
     {
         char fromLoad[256];
@@ -1002,7 +1002,8 @@ plString plPythonFileMod::IMakeModuleName(plSceneObject* sobj)
     }
 
     modulename[k] = '\0';
-    plString name = plString::FromUtf8(modulename);
+    plStringStream name;
+    name << modulename;
 
     // check to see if we are attaching to a clone?
     plKeyImp* pKeyImp = (plKeyImp*)(sKey);
@@ -1012,7 +1013,7 @@ plString plPythonFileMod::IMakeModuleName(plSceneObject* sobj)
         // add the cloneID to the end of the module name
         // and set the fIAmAClone flag
         uint32_t cloneID = pKeyImp->GetUoid().GetCloneID();
-        name += plString::Format("%d", cloneID);
+        name << cloneID;
         fAmIAttachedToClone = true;
     }
 
@@ -1021,10 +1022,10 @@ plString plPythonFileMod::IMakeModuleName(plSceneObject* sobj)
     {
         // if not unique then add the sequence number to the end of the modulename
         uint32_t seqID = pKeyImp->GetUoid().GetLocation().GetSequenceNumber();
-        name += plString::Format("%d", seqID);
+        name << seqID;
     }
 
-    return name;
+    return name.GetString();
 }
 
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfPython/plPythonPack.cpp

@@ -209,8 +209,8 @@ PyObject* plPythonPack::OpenPacked(const plString& fileName)
         {
             char *buf = new char[size];
             uint32_t readSize = fPackStream->Read(size, buf);
-            hsAssert(readSize <= size, plString::Format("Python PackFile %s: Incorrect amount of data, read %d instead of %d",
+            hsAssert(readSize <= size, plFormat("Python PackFile {}: Incorrect amount of data, read {} instead of {}",
-                fileName.c_str(), readSize, size).c_str());
+                     fileName, readSize, size).c_str());
 
             // let the python marshal make it back into a code object
             PyObject *pythonCode = PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromString(buf, size);

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfPython/plPythonSDLModifier.cpp

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ PyObject* plPythonSDLModifier::GetItem(const plString& key)
 
     if (it == fMap.end())
     {
-        plString errmsg = plString::Format("SDL key %s not found", key.c_str());
+        plString errmsg = plFormat("SDL key {} not found", key);
         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_KeyError, errmsg.c_str());
         PYTHON_RETURN_ERROR;
     }

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfPython/pyAgeInfoStruct.cpp

@@ -190,9 +190,9 @@ plString pyAgeInfoStruct::GetDisplayName() const
     {
         int32_t seq = GetAgeSequenceNumber();
         if (seq > 0)
-            return plString::Format("%s (%d) %s", user.c_str(), seq, instance.c_str());
+            return plFormat("{} ({}) {}", user, seq, instance);
         else
-            return plString::Format("%s %s", user.c_str(), instance.c_str());
+            return plFormat("{} {}", user, instance);
     }
 }
 
@@ -275,8 +275,8 @@ plString pyAgeInfoStructRef::GetDisplayName() const
     {
         int32_t seq = GetAgeSequenceNumber();
         if (seq > 0)
-            return plString::Format("%s (%d) %s", user.c_str(), seq, instance.c_str());
+            return plFormat("{} ({}) {}", user, seq, instance);
         else
-            return plString::Format("%s %s", user.c_str(), instance.c_str());
+            return plFormat("{} {}", user, instance);
     }
 }

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfPython/pyImage.cpp

@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ PyObject* pyImage::LoadJPEGFromDisk(const plFileName& filename, uint16_t width,
         }
 
         // let's create a nice name for this thing based on the filename
-        plString name = plString::Format("PtImageFromDisk_%s", filename.AsString().c_str());
+        plString name = plFormat("PtImageFromDisk_{}", filename);
 
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(name, theMipmap, plLocation::kGlobalFixedLoc);
         
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ PyObject* pyImage::LoadPNGFromDisk(const plFileName& filename, uint16_t width, u
         }
 
         // let's create a nice name for this thing based on the filename
-        plString name = plString::Format("PtImageFromDisk_%s", filename.AsString().c_str());
+        plString name = plFormat("PtImageFromDisk_{}", filename);
 
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(name, theMipmap, plLocation::kGlobalFixedLoc);
 

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfPython/pyJournalBook.cpp

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ uint32_t  pyJournalBook::fNextKeyID = 0;
 
 void    pyJournalBook::IMakeNewKey( void )
 {
-    plString name = plString::Format( "pyJournalBook-%d", fNextKeyID++ );
+    plString name = plFormat("pyJournalBook-{}", fNextKeyID++);
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey( name, fBook, plLocation::kGlobalFixedLoc );
     
     fBook->GetKey()->RefObject();

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfPython/pySceneObject.cpp

@@ -293,8 +293,8 @@ PyObject* pySceneObject::GetLocalToWorld()
                 return pyMatrix44::New((hsMatrix44)ci->GetLocalToWorld());
             else
             {
-                plString errmsg = plString::Format("Sceneobject %s does not have a coordinate interface.",
+                plString errmsg = plFormat("Sceneobject {} does not have a coordinate interface.",
-                                                   obj->GetKeyName().c_str());
+                                           obj->GetKeyName());
                 PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, errmsg.c_str());
                 return nil; // return nil to tell python we errored
             }
@@ -322,8 +322,8 @@ PyObject* pySceneObject::GetWorldToLocal()
                 return pyMatrix44::New((hsMatrix44)ci->GetWorldToLocal());
             else
             {
-                plString errmsg = plString::Format("Sceneobject %s does not have a coordinate interface.",
+                plString errmsg = plFormat("Sceneobject {} does not have a coordinate interface.",
-                                                   obj->GetKeyName().c_str());
+                                           obj->GetKeyName());
                 PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, errmsg.c_str());
                 return nil; // return nil to tell python we errored
             }
@@ -351,8 +351,8 @@ PyObject* pySceneObject::GetLocalToParent()
                 return pyMatrix44::New((hsMatrix44)ci->GetLocalToParent());
             else
             {
-                plString errmsg = plString::Format("Sceneobject %s does not have a coordinate interface.",
+                plString errmsg = plFormat("Sceneobject {} does not have a coordinate interface.",
-                                                   obj->GetKeyName().c_str());
+                                           obj->GetKeyName());
                 PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, errmsg.c_str());
                 return nil; // return nil to tell python we errored
             }
@@ -380,8 +380,8 @@ PyObject* pySceneObject::GetParentToLocal()
                 return pyMatrix44::New((hsMatrix44)ci->GetParentToLocal());
             else
             {
-                plString errmsg = plString::Format("Sceneobject %s does not have a coordinate interface.",
+                plString errmsg = plFormat("Sceneobject {} does not have a coordinate interface.",
-                                                   obj->GetKeyName().c_str());
+                                           obj->GetKeyName());
                 PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, errmsg.c_str());
                 return nil; // return nil to tell python we errored
             }
@@ -425,8 +425,8 @@ PyObject* pySceneObject::GetWorldPosition()
                 return pyPoint3::New((hsPoint3)ci->GetWorldPos());
             else
             {
-                plString errmsg = plString::Format("Sceneobject %s does not have a coordinate interface.",
+                plString errmsg = plFormat("Sceneobject {} does not have a coordinate interface.",
-                                                   obj->GetKeyName().c_str());
+                                           obj->GetKeyName());
                 PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, errmsg.c_str());
                 return nil; // return nil to tell python we errored
             }
@@ -454,8 +454,8 @@ PyObject* pySceneObject::GetViewVector()
                 return pyVector3::New(ci->GetLocalToWorld().GetAxis(hsMatrix44::kView));
             else
             {
-                plString errmsg = plString::Format("Sceneobject %s does not have a coordinate interface.",
+                plString errmsg = plFormat("Sceneobject {} does not have a coordinate interface.",
-                                                   obj->GetKeyName().c_str());
+                                           obj->GetKeyName());
                 PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, errmsg.c_str());
                 return nil; // return nil to tell python we errored
             }
@@ -483,8 +483,8 @@ PyObject* pySceneObject::GetUpVector()
                 return pyVector3::New(ci->GetLocalToWorld().GetAxis(hsMatrix44::kUp));
             else
             {
-                plString errmsg = plString::Format("Sceneobject %s does not have a coordinate interface.",
+                plString errmsg = plFormat("Sceneobject {} does not have a coordinate interface.",
-                                                   obj->GetKeyName().c_str());
+                                           obj->GetKeyName());
                 PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, errmsg.c_str());
                 return nil; // return nil to tell python we errored
             }
@@ -512,8 +512,8 @@ PyObject* pySceneObject::GetRightVector()
                 return pyVector3::New(ci->GetLocalToWorld().GetAxis(hsMatrix44::kRight));
             else
             {
-                plString errmsg = plString::Format("Sceneobject %s does not have a coordinate interface.",
+                plString errmsg = plFormat("Sceneobject {} does not have a coordinate interface.",
-                                                   obj->GetKeyName().c_str());
+                                           obj->GetKeyName());
                 PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, errmsg.c_str());
                 return nil; // return nil to tell python we errored
             }

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfPython/pyVault.cpp

@@ -670,13 +670,13 @@ void pyVault::CreateNeighborhood()
     unsigned nameLen = nc->GetPlayerName().GetSize();
     if (nc->GetPlayerName().CharAt(nameLen - 1) == 's' || nc->GetPlayerName().CharAt(nameLen - 1) == 'S')
     {
-        title = plString::Format( "%s'", nc->GetPlayerName().c_str() );
+        title = plFormat("{}'", nc->GetPlayerName());
-        desc = plString::Format( "%s' %s", nc->GetPlayerName().c_str(), link.GetAgeInfo()->GetAgeInstanceName().c_str() );
+        desc = plFormat("{}' {}", nc->GetPlayerName(), link.GetAgeInfo()->GetAgeInstanceName());
     }
     else
     {
-        title = plString::Format( "%s's", nc->GetPlayerName().c_str() );
+        title = plFormat("{}'s", nc->GetPlayerName());
-        desc = plString::Format( "%s's %s", nc->GetPlayerName().c_str(), link.GetAgeInfo()->GetAgeInstanceName().c_str() );
+        desc = plFormat("{}'s {}", nc->GetPlayerName(), link.GetAgeInfo()->GetAgeInstanceName());
     }
 
     plUUID guid = plUUID::Generate();

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfPython/pyVaultImageNode.cpp

@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ static unsigned s_keyseq;
 
 //============================================================================
 static plKey CreateAndRefImageKey (unsigned nodeId, plMipmap * mipmap) {
-    plString keyName = plString::Format("VaultImg_%u_%u", nodeId, s_keyseq++);
+    plString keyName = plFormat("VaultImg_{}_{}", nodeId, s_keyseq++);
 
     plKey key = hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(keyName, mipmap, plLocation::kGlobalFixedLoc);
 

Sources/Plasma/FeatureLib/pfSurface/plLayerMovie.cpp

@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ bool plLayerMovie::ISetupBitmap()
         memset(b->GetImage(), 0x10, b->GetHeight() * b->GetRowBytes() );
         b->SetFlags( b->GetFlags() | plMipmap::kDontThrowAwayImage );
 
-        plString name = plString::Format( "%s_BMap", fMovieName.AsString().c_str() );
+        plString name = plFormat("{}_BMap", fMovieName);
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey( name, b, plLocation::kGlobalFixedLoc );
 
         *fTexture = (plBitmap *)b;

Sources/Plasma/NucleusLib/pnMessage/plMessage.cpp

@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ int plMsgStdStringHelper::Peek(std::string  & stringref, hsStream* stream, const
         stringref.resize(strlen);
         if (strlen){
             stream->LogRead(strlen,(void*)stringref.data(),"StdString");
-            stream->LogStringString(plString::Format("Value: %s", stringref.data()).c_str());
+            stream->LogStringString(plFormat("Value: {}", stringref).c_str());
         }
     }
     else
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ int plMsgStdStringHelper::PeekBig(std::string  & stringref, hsStream* stream, co
         stringref.resize(bufsz);
         if (bufsz){
             stream->LogRead(bufsz,(void*)stringref.data(),"StdString");
-            stream->LogStringString(plString::Format("Value: %s", stringref.data()).c_str());
+            stream->LogStringString(plFormat("Value: {}", stringref).c_str());
         }
     }
     else
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ int plMsgCStringHelper::Peek(char *& str, hsStream* stream, const uint32_t peekO
             str[strlen] = '\0';
             if (strlen) {
                 stream->LogRead(strlen,str,"CString");
-                stream->LogStringString(plString::Format("Value: %s",str).c_str());
+                stream->LogStringString(plFormat("Value: {}", str).c_str());
             }
         }
     }

Sources/Plasma/NucleusLib/pnNetCommon/plGenericVar.cpp

@@ -237,15 +237,16 @@ plString plGenericType::GetAsString() const
     switch (fType)
     {
     case kInt :
-        return plString::Format("%d", fI);
+        return plFormat("{}", fI);
     case kBool :
+        return plFormat("{}", fB ? 1 : 0);
     case kUInt:
-        return plString::Format("%u", fType==kBool?fB:fU);
+        return plFormat("{}", fU);
     case kFloat :
     case kDouble :
         return plString::Format("%f", fType==kDouble?fD:fF);
     case kChar :
-        return plString::Format("%c", fC);
+        return plFormat("{}", fC);
     case kAny :
     case kString :
         return fS;

Sources/Plasma/NucleusLib/pnNetCommon/pnNetCommon.cpp

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ plString GetTextAddr(uint32_t binAddr)
 {
     in_addr in;
     memcpy(&in, &binAddr, sizeof(binAddr));
-    return plString::Format("%s", inet_ntoa(in));
+    return plString::FromUtf8(inet_ntoa(in));
 }
 
 // NOTE: On Win32, WSAStartup() must be called before GetBinAddr() will work.

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plAgeDescription/plAgeDescription.cpp

@@ -118,9 +118,9 @@ bool plAgePage::SetFromString( const plString &stringIn )
 plString plAgePage::GetAsString( void ) const
 {
     if (fFlags)
-        return plString::Format("%s,%d,%d", fName.c_str(), fSeqSuffix, fFlags);
+        return plFormat("{},{},{}", fName, fSeqSuffix, fFlags);
 
-    return plString::Format("%s,%d", fName.c_str(), fSeqSuffix);
+    return plFormat("{},{}", fName, fSeqSuffix);
 }
 
 

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plAgeLoader/plResPatcher.cpp

@@ -78,13 +78,13 @@ void plResPatcher::OnCompletion(ENetError result, const plString& status)
 {
     plString error = plString::Null;
     if (IS_NET_ERROR(result))
-        error = plString::Format("Update Failed: %S\n%s", NetErrorAsString(result), status.c_str());
+        error = plFormat("Update Failed: {}\n{}", NetErrorAsString(result), status);
     plgDispatch::Dispatch()->MsgQueue(new plResPatcherMsg(IS_NET_SUCCESS(result), error));
 }
 
 void plResPatcher::OnFileDownloadBegin(const plFileName& file)
 {
-    fProgress->SetTitle(plString::Format("Downloading %s...", file.GetFileName().c_str()));
+    fProgress->SetTitle(plFormat("Downloading {}...", file.GetFileName()));
 
     if (file.GetFileExt().CompareI("prp") == 0) {
         plResManager* mgr = static_cast<plResManager*>(hsgResMgr::ResMgr());
@@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ void plResPatcher::OnProgressTick(uint64_t dl, uint64_t total, const plString& m
         fProgress->SetHowMuch(dl);
     }
 
-    plString status = plString::Format("%s / %s",
+    plString status = plFormat("%s / %s",
-        plFileSystem::ConvertFileSize(dl).c_str(),
+        plFileSystem::ConvertFileSize(dl),
-        plFileSystem::ConvertFileSize(total).c_str()
+        plFileSystem::ConvertFileSize(total)
     );
 
     fProgress->SetStatusText(status);

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plAudible/plWinAudible.cpp

@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ void plWinAudible::Read(hsStream* s, hsResMgr* mgr)
 
 void plWinAudible::IAssignSoundKey( plSound *sound, const char *name, uint32_t i )
 {
-    plString keyName = plString::Format( "%s_%d", name, i );
+    plString keyName = plFormat("{}_{}", name, i);
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey( keyName, sound, GetKey() ? GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation() : plLocation::kGlobalFixedLoc );
 }
 

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plAudio/plVoiceChat.cpp

@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ plVoiceSound::plVoiceSound()
     fEAXSettings.SetRoomParams(-1200, -100, 0, 0);
     fLastUpdate = 0;
 
-    plString keyName = plString::Format("VoiceSound_%d", fCount);
+    plString keyName = plFormat("VoiceSound_{}", fCount);
     fCount++;
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(keyName, this, plLocation::kGlobalFixedLoc);
 }

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plAudio/plWin32GroupedSound.cpp

@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ bool    plWin32GroupedSound::LoadSound( bool is3D )
     // We need it to be resident to read in
     if( retVal == plSoundBuffer::kError) 
     {
-        plString str = plString::Format("Unable to open .wav file %s", fDataBufferKey ? fDataBufferKey->GetName().c_str() : "nil");
+        plString str = plFormat("Unable to open .wav file {}", fDataBufferKey ? fDataBufferKey->GetName() : "nil");
         IPrintDbgMessage( str.c_str(), true );
         fFailed = true;
         return false;
@@ -211,9 +211,10 @@ bool    plWin32GroupedSound::LoadSound( bool is3D )
     fDSoundBuffer = new plDSoundBuffer( bufferSize, header, is3D, IsPropertySet( kPropLooping ), true );
     if( !fDSoundBuffer->IsValid() )
     {
-        char str[256];
+        plString str = plFormat("Can't create sound buffer for {}.wav. This could happen if the wav file is a stereo file."
-        sprintf(str, "Can't create sound buffer for %s.wav. This could happen if the wav file is a stereo file. Stereo files are not supported on 3D sounds. If the file is not stereo then please report this error.", GetFileName().AsString().c_str());
+                                " Stereo files are not supported on 3D sounds. If the file is not stereo then please report this error.",
-        IPrintDbgMessage( str, true );
+                                GetFileName());
+        IPrintDbgMessage(str.c_str(), true);
         fFailed = true;
 
         delete fDSoundBuffer;
@@ -228,8 +229,8 @@ bool    plWin32GroupedSound::LoadSound( bool is3D )
     IFillCurrentSound( 0 );
 
     // Logging
-    plString str = plString::Format("   Grouped %s %s allocated (%d msec).", buffer->GetFileName().IsValid() ? "file" : "buffer",
+    plString str = plFormat("   Grouped {} {} allocated ({} msec).", buffer->GetFileName().IsValid() ? "file" : "buffer",
-                                    buffer->GetFileName().IsValid() ? buffer->GetFileName().AsString().c_str() : buffer->GetKey()->GetUoid().GetObjectName().c_str(),
+                            buffer->GetFileName().IsValid() ? buffer->GetFileName() : buffer->GetKeyName(),
                             //fDSoundBuffer->IsHardwareAccelerated() ? "hardware" : "software",
                             //fDSoundBuffer->IsStaticVoice() ? "static" : "dynamic",
 #ifdef PL_PROFILE_ENABLED

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plAudio/plWin32StaticSound.cpp

@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ bool plWin32StaticSound::LoadSound( bool is3D )
 
         if( retVal == plSoundBuffer::kError )
         {
-            plString str = plString::Format( "Unable to open .wav file %s", fDataBufferKey ? fDataBufferKey->GetName().c_str() : "nil");
+            plString str = plFormat("Unable to open .wav file {}", fDataBufferKey ? fDataBufferKey->GetName() : "nil");
             IPrintDbgMessage( str.c_str(), true );
             fFailed = true;
             return false;
@@ -143,9 +143,10 @@ bool plWin32StaticSound::LoadSound( bool is3D )
         fDSoundBuffer = new plDSoundBuffer( bufferSize, header, is3D, IsPropertySet( kPropLooping ), tryStatic );
         if( !fDSoundBuffer->IsValid() )
         {
-            char str[256];
+            plString str = plFormat("Can't create sound buffer for {}.wav. This could happen if the wav file is a stereo file."
-            sprintf(str, "Can't create sound buffer for %s.wav. This could happen if the wav file is a stereo file. Stereo files are not supported on 3D sounds. If the file is not stereo then please report this error.", GetFileName().AsString().c_str());
+                                    " Stereo files are not supported on 3D sounds. If the file is not stereo then please report this error.",
-            IPrintDbgMessage( str, true );
+                                    GetFileName());
+            IPrintDbgMessage(str.c_str(), true);
             fFailed = true;
 
             delete fDSoundBuffer;

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plAudio/plWin32StreamingSound.cpp

@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ plSoundBuffer::ELoadReturnVal plWin32StreamingSound::IPreLoadBuffer( bool playWh
             return plSoundBuffer::kError;
         }
 
-        IPrintDbgMessage(plString::Format("   Readied file %s for streaming", fSrcFilename.AsString().c_str()).c_str());
+        IPrintDbgMessage(plFormat("   Readied file {} for streaming", fSrcFilename).c_str());
 
         // dont free sound data until we have a chance to use it in load sound
 
@@ -251,8 +251,8 @@ bool plWin32StreamingSound::LoadSound( bool is3D )
 
     if( retVal == plSoundBuffer::kError )
     {
-        plString str = plString::Format( "Unable to open streaming source %s",
+        plString str = plFormat("Unable to open streaming source {}",
-                                         fDataBufferKey->GetName().c_str() );
+                                fDataBufferKey->GetName());
         IPrintDbgMessage( str.c_str(), true );
         fFailed = true;
         return false;
@@ -282,9 +282,9 @@ bool plWin32StreamingSound::LoadSound( bool is3D )
         delete fDSoundBuffer;
         fDSoundBuffer = nil;
 
-        plString str = plString::Format("Can't create sound buffer for %s.wav. This could happen if the wav file is a stereo file."
+        plString str = plFormat("Can't create sound buffer for {}.wav. This could happen if the wav file is a stereo file."
                                 " Stereo files are not supported on 3D sounds. If the file is not stereo then please report this error.",
-                                        GetFileName().AsString().c_str());
+                                GetFileName());
         IPrintDbgMessage(str.c_str(), true);
         fFailed = true;
         return false;
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ bool plWin32StreamingSound::LoadSound( bool is3D )
     IRefreshEAXSettings( true );
 
     // Debug info
-    plString dbg = plString::Format("   Streaming %s.", fSrcFilename.AsString().c_str());
+    plString dbg = plFormat("   Streaming {}.", fSrcFilename);
     IPrintDbgMessage(dbg.c_str());
 
     plStatusLog::AddLineS( "audioTimes.log", 0xffffffff, "Streaming %4.2f secs of %s",

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plAvatar/plAnimStage.cpp

@@ -724,16 +724,16 @@ void plAnimStage::DumpDebug(bool active, int &x, int &y, int lineHeight, plDebug
     str << " ";
 
     if(fLoops)
-        str << plString::Format("loop(%d/%d)", fCurLoop, fLoops);
+        str << "loop(" << fCurLoop << '/' << fLoops << ')';
 
-    str << plString::Format("time: (%f/%f)", fLocalTime, fLength);
+    str << "time: (" << fLocalTime << '/' << fLength << ')';
 
     if(active)
-        debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, str.GetString().c_str(), 0, 255, 0);
+        debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, str.GetString(), 0, 255, 0);
     else if(fAnimInstance)
-        debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, str.GetString().c_str());
+        debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, str.GetString());
     else
-        debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, str.GetString().c_str(), 255, 255, 0);
+        debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, str.GetString(), 255, 255, 0);
 
     y += lineHeight;
 }

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plAvatar/plArmatureMod.cpp

@@ -2654,7 +2654,7 @@ int plArmatureMod::RefreshDebugDisplay()
 
 void plArmatureMod::DumpToDebugDisplay(int &x, int &y, int lineHeight, plDebugText &debugTxt)
 {
-    debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, plString::Format("Armature <%s>:", fRootName.c_str()), 255, 128, 128);
+    debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, plFormat("Armature <{}>:", fRootName), 255, 128, 128);
     y += lineHeight;
 
     plSceneObject * SO = GetTarget(0);
@@ -2677,8 +2677,8 @@ void plArmatureMod::DumpToDebugDisplay(int &x, int &y, int lineHeight, plDebugTe
         plKey world = nil;
         if (fController)
             world = fController->GetSubworld();
-        debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, plString::Format("In world: %s  Frozen: %s",
+        debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, plFormat("In world: {}  Frozen: {}",
-                                    world ? world->GetName().c_str() : "nil", frozen));
+                                    world ? world->GetName() : "nil", frozen));
         y+= lineHeight;
 
         plString details;
@@ -2747,11 +2747,11 @@ void plArmatureMod::DumpToDebugDisplay(int &x, int &y, int lineHeight, plDebugTe
 
         debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, "Relevance Regions:");
         y += lineHeight;
-        debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, plString::Format("          In: %s",
+        debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, plFormat("          In: {}",
-                plRelevanceMgr::Instance()->GetRegionNames(fRegionsImIn).c_str()));
+                plRelevanceMgr::Instance()->GetRegionNames(fRegionsImIn)));
         y += lineHeight;
-        debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, plString::Format("  Care about: %s",
+        debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, plFormat("  Care about: %s",
-                plRelevanceMgr::Instance()->GetRegionNames(fRegionsICareAbout).c_str()));
+                plRelevanceMgr::Instance()->GetRegionNames(fRegionsICareAbout)));
         y += lineHeight;
     }
 }
@@ -2792,7 +2792,7 @@ void plAvBoneMap::AddBoneMapping(uint32_t boneID, const plSceneObject *SO)
 
 void plArmatureMod::DebugDumpMoveKeys(int &x, int &y, int lineHeight, plDebugText &debugTxt)
 {
-    debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, plString::Format("Mouse Input Map: %s",
+    debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, plFormat("Mouse Input Map: {}",
             plAvatarInputInterface::GetInstance()->GetInputMapName()));
     y += lineHeight;
 

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plAvatar/plAvBehaviors.cpp

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ void plArmatureBehavior::DumpDebug(int &x, int &y, int lineHeight, plDebugText &
         details = plString::Format("%20s %3s time: %5.2f %s", animName.c_str(), onOff, time, blendBar);
     }
     else
-        details = plString::Format("         Behavior %2d %3s %s", fIndex, onOff, blendBar);
+        details = plFormat("         Behavior {2} {>3} {}", fIndex, onOff, blendBar);
 
     debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, details);
     y += lineHeight; 

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plAvatar/plAvBrainCritter.cpp

@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ void plAvBrainCritter::DumpToDebugDisplay(int& x, int& y, int lineHeight, plDebu
     // extract the name from the behavior running
     plString mode = "Mode: Unknown";
     if (fBehaviors[fCurMode])
-        mode = plString::Format("Mode: %s", ((CritterBehavior*)(fBehaviors[fCurMode]))->Name().c_str());
+        mode = plFormat("Mode: {}", ((CritterBehavior*)(fBehaviors[fCurMode]))->Name());
     
     // draw it
     debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, mode);

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plAvatar/plAvatarClothing.cpp

@@ -267,11 +267,11 @@ void plClothingItem::Write(hsStream *s, hsResMgr *mgr)
     plKey accessoryKey = nil;
     if (!fAccessoryName.IsEmpty())
     {
-        plString strBuf = plString::Format("CItm_%s", fAccessoryName.c_str());
+        plString strBuf = plFormat("CItm_{}", fAccessoryName);
         accessoryKey = plKeyFinder::Instance().StupidSearch("GlobalClothing", "", plClothingItem::Index(), strBuf);
         if (accessoryKey == nil)
         {
-            strBuf = plString::Format("Couldn't find accessory \"%s\". It won't show at runtime.", fAccessoryName.c_str());
+            strBuf = plFormat("Couldn't find accessory \"{}\". It won't show at runtime.", fAccessoryName);
             hsMessageBox(strBuf.c_str(), GetKeyName().c_str(), hsMessageBoxNormal);
         }
     }

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plAvatar/plAvatarTasks.cpp

@@ -636,7 +636,7 @@ bool plAvOneShotTask::Start(plArmatureMod *avatar, plArmatureBrain *brain, doubl
     }
     else
     {
-        plString buf = plString::Format("Oneshot: Can't find animation <%s>; all bets are off.", fAnimName.c_str());
+        plString buf = plFormat("Oneshot: Can't find animation <{}>; all bets are off.", fAnimName);
         hsAssert(false, buf.c_str());
         result = true;
     }

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plAvatar/plCoopCoordinator.cpp

@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ plCoopCoordinator::plCoopCoordinator(plKey host, plKey guest,
 
     serial = serial % 999;
 
-    plString newName = plString::Format("%s%s%3i\x000", host->GetName().c_str(), guest->GetName().c_str(), serial++);
+    plString newName = plFormat("{}{}{3}\x000", host->GetName(), guest->GetName(), serial++);
     
     plKey newKey = hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(newName, this, host->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plAvatar/plSittingModifier.cpp

@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ bool IIsClosestAnim(const char *animName, hsMatrix44 &sitGoal, float &closestDis
             return true;
         }
     } else {
-        hsAssert(false, plString::Format("Missing sit animation: %s", animName).c_str());
+        hsAssert(false, plFormat("Missing sit animation: {}", animName).c_str());
     }
     return false;
 }

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plContainer/plConfigInfoLogging.cpp

@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ bool plConfigInfoLogging::GetValue(double& retval, const plString & section, con
 
 bool plConfigInfoLogging::GetAllValues(std::vector<plString>& values, const plString & section, const plString & key, const plString & desc)
 {
-    plString descwdef = plString::Format("%s  # %s","\"Multiple Entries\"",desc.c_str());
+    plString descwdef = plFormat("\"Multiple Entries\"  # {}", desc);
     fLog.AddValue(section,key,descwdef,kReplaceIfExists);
 
     values = fConfigInfo.GetAllValues(section,key);

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plContainer/plKeysAndValues.cpp

@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ bool plKeysAndValues::KeyHasValue(const plString & key, const plString & value)
 
 bool plKeysAndValues::KeyHasValue(const plString & key, int value)
 {
-    return KeyHasValue(key, plString::Format("%d", value));
+    return KeyHasValue(key, plFormat("{}", value));
 }
 
 bool plKeysAndValues::KeyHasValue(const plString & key, double value)
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ bool plKeysAndValues::AddValue(const plString & key, const plString & value, KAd
 
 bool plKeysAndValues::AddValue(const plString & key, int value, KAddValueMode mode)
 {
-    return AddValue(key, plString::Format("%d", value), mode);
+    return AddValue(key, plFormat("{}", value), mode);
 }
 
 bool plKeysAndValues::AddValue(const plString & key, double value, KAddValueMode mode)
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ bool plKeysAndValues::SetValue(const plString & key, const plString & value)
 
 bool plKeysAndValues::SetValue(const plString & key, int value)
 {
-    return SetValue(key, plString::Format("%d", value));    
+    return SetValue(key, plFormat("{}", value));
 }
 
 bool plKeysAndValues::SetValue(const plString & key, double value)
@@ -160,17 +160,17 @@ plString plKeysAndValues::GetValue(const plString & key, const plString & defval
 
 uint32_t plKeysAndValues::GetValue(const plString & key, uint32_t defval, bool * outFound) const
 {
-    return strtoul(GetValue(key, plString::Format("%ul", defval), outFound).c_str(), nil, 0);
+    return GetValue(key, plFormat("{}", defval), outFound).ToUInt();
 }
 
 int plKeysAndValues::GetValue(const plString & key, int defval, bool * outFound) const
 {
-    return atol(GetValue(key, plString::Format("%d", defval), outFound).c_str());
+    return GetValue(key, plFormat("{}", defval), outFound).ToInt();
 }
 
 double plKeysAndValues::GetValue(const plString & key, double defval, bool * outFound) const
 {
-    return atof(GetValue(key, plString::Format("%f", defval), outFound).c_str());
+    return GetValue(key, plString::Format("%f", defval), outFound).ToDouble();
 }
 
 std::vector<plString> plKeysAndValues::GetAllValues(const plString & key)

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plDrawable/plDrawableGenerator.cpp

@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ plDrawableSpans *plDrawableGenerator::GenerateDrawable( uint32_t vertCount, hsPo
         }
 
         static int nameIdx = 0;
-        plString buff = plString::Format( "GenDrawable_%d", nameIdx++ );
+        plString buff = plFormat("GenDrawable_{}", nameIdx++);
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey( buff, newDraw, plLocation::kGlobalFixedLoc );
     }
 

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plDrawable/plDynaDecalMgr.cpp

@@ -1578,20 +1578,20 @@ hsGMaterial* plDynaDecalMgr::IConvertToEnvMap(hsGMaterial* mat, plBitmap* envMap
     oldMip->SetCurrLevel(0);
 
     hsGMaterial* newMat = new hsGMaterial;
-    plString buff = plString::Format("%s_EnvMat", GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+    plString buff = plFormat("{}_EnvMat", GetKey()->GetName());
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, newMat, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
     static plTweak<float> kSmooth(1.f);
     plMipmap* bumpMap = plBumpMapGen::QikNormalMap(nil, oldMip, 0xffffffff, plBumpMapGen::kBubbleTest, kSmooth);
 //  plMipmap* bumpMap = plBumpMapGen::QikNormalMap(nil, oldMip, 0xffffffff, plBumpMapGen::kNormalize, kSmooth);
 //  plMipmap* bumpMap = plBumpMapGen::QikNormalMap(nil, oldMip, 0xffffffff, 0, 0);
-    buff = plString::Format("%s_BumpMap", GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+    buff = plFormat("{}_BumpMap", GetKey()->GetName());
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, bumpMap, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
     bumpMap->SetFlags(bumpMap->GetFlags() | plMipmap::kBumpEnvMap | plMipmap::kForceNonCompressed);
 
     plLayer* bumpLay = new plLayer;
-    buff = plString::Format("%s_BumpMap_0", GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+    buff = plFormat("{}_BumpMap_0", GetKey()->GetName());
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, bumpLay, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
     bumpLay->SetState(oldLay->GetState());
@@ -1613,7 +1613,7 @@ hsGMaterial* plDynaDecalMgr::IConvertToEnvMap(hsGMaterial* mat, plBitmap* envMap
     newMat->AddLayerViaNotify(bumpLay);
 
     plLayer* envLay = new plLayer;
-    buff = plString::Format("%s_EnvMap_0", GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+    buff = plFormat("{}_EnvMap_0", GetKey()->GetName());
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, envLay, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
     envLay->SetBlendFlags(hsGMatState::kBlendMult);

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plDrawable/plProxyGen.cpp

@@ -84,12 +84,14 @@ void plProxyGen::Init(const hsKeyedObject* owner)
         plLocation loc;
         if( owner->GetKey() )
         {
-            buff = plString::Format("%s_ProxyGen_%d_%d", owner->GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), owner->GetKey()->GetUoid().GetClonePlayerID(), fProxyKeyCounter++);
+            buff = plFormat("{}_ProxyGen_{}_{}", owner->GetKey()->GetName(),
+                            owner->GetKey()->GetUoid().GetClonePlayerID(),
+                            fProxyKeyCounter++);
             loc = owner->GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation();
         }
         else
         {
-            buff = plString::Format( "ProxyGen%d", fProxyKeyCounter++ );
+            buff = plFormat("ProxyGen{}", fProxyKeyCounter++);
             loc = plLocation::kGlobalFixedLoc;
         }
 
@@ -159,7 +161,7 @@ hsGMaterial* plProxyGen::IMakeProxyMaterial() const
 
     plString buff;
     if( !GetKeyName().IsNull() )
-        buff = plString::Format("%s_Material", GetKeyName().c_str());
+        buff = plFormat("{}_Material", GetKeyName());
     else
         buff = "ProxyMaterial";
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey( buff, retVal, GetKey() ? GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation() : plLocation::kGlobalFixedLoc );
@@ -234,7 +236,7 @@ void plProxyGen::IGenerateProxy()
     {
         plString buff;
         if( !GetKeyName().IsNull() )
-            buff = plString::Format("%s_ProxyDrawable", GetKeyName().c_str());
+            buff = plFormat("{}_ProxyDrawable", GetKeyName());
         else
             buff = "ProxyDrawable";
 

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plDrawable/plWaveSet7.cpp

@@ -1616,7 +1616,7 @@ plMipmap* plWaveSet7::ICreateBiasNoiseMap()
         plMipmap::kUncompressed,
         plMipmap::UncompressedInfo::kRGB8888);
 
-    plString buff = plString::Format("%s_BiasBitPS", GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+    plString buff = plFormat("{}_BiasBitPS", GetKey()->GetName());
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, mipMap, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
     int i;
@@ -1661,7 +1661,7 @@ plMipmap* plWaveSet7::ICreateBumpMipmapPS()
         plMipmap::kUncompressed,
         plMipmap::UncompressedInfo::kRGB8888);
 
-        plString buff = plString::Format("%s_BumpBitPS", GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+        plString buff = plFormat("{}_BumpBitPS", GetKey()->GetName());
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, mipMap, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->SendRef(mipMap->GetKey(), new plGenRefMsg(GetKey(), plRefMsg::kOnRequest, 0, kRefCosineLUT), plRefFlags::kActiveRef);
@@ -1713,7 +1713,7 @@ void plWaveSet7::IAddBumpBiasLayer(hsGMaterial* mat)
         for( i = 0; i < 2; i++ )
         {
             plLayer* layer = new plLayer;
-            plString buff = plString::Format("%s_Bias_%d", GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), i);
+            plString buff = plFormat("{}_Bias_{}", GetKey()->GetName(), i);
             hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, layer, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
             layer->SetBlendFlags(hsGMatState::kBlendAdd);
@@ -1748,7 +1748,7 @@ void plWaveSet7::IAddBumpBiasLayer(hsGMaterial* mat)
 plLayer* plWaveSet7::ICreateBumpLayerPS(plMipmap* mipMap, hsGMaterial* bumpMat, int which)
 {
     plLayer* layer = new plLayer;
-    plString buff = plString::Format("%s_BumpLayerPS_%d", GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), which);
+    plString buff = plFormat("{}_BumpLayerPS_{}", GetKey()->GetName(), which);
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, layer, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
     layer->SetBlendFlags(which ? hsGMatState::kBlendAdd : 0);
@@ -1805,7 +1805,7 @@ hsGMaterial* plWaveSet7::ICreateBumpLayersPS()
 
     // Create a blank material
     hsGMaterial* bumpMat = new hsGMaterial;
-    plString buff = plString::Format("%s_BumpMatPS", GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+    plString buff = plFormat("{}_BumpMatPS", GetKey()->GetName());
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, bumpMat, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
     plMipmap* mipMap = ICreateBumpMipmapPS();
@@ -1846,7 +1846,7 @@ void plWaveSet7::IAddBumpBiasShaders(plLayer* layer)
     {
         plShader* vShader = new plShader;
 
-        plString buff = plString::Format("%s_BiasVS", GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+        plString buff = plFormat("{}_BiasVS", GetKey()->GetName());
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, vShader, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
         vShader->SetIsPixelShader(false);
         
@@ -1909,7 +1909,7 @@ void plWaveSet7::IAddBumpBiasShaders(plLayer* layer)
     {
         plShader* pShader = new plShader;
 
-        plString buff = plString::Format("%s_BiasPS", GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+        plString buff = plFormat("{}_BiasPS", GetKey()->GetName());
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, pShader, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
         pShader->SetIsPixelShader(true);
         
@@ -1942,7 +1942,7 @@ void plWaveSet7::IAddBumpVertexShader(hsGMaterial* mat, int iShader, int iFirst,
             int iShader = iBase / kBumpPerPass;
 
             plShader* vShader = new plShader;
-            plString buff = plString::Format("%s_BumpVS_%d", GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), iShader);
+            plString buff = plFormat("{}_BumpVS_{}", GetKey()->GetName(), iShader);
             hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, vShader, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
             vShader->SetIsPixelShader(false);
             
@@ -1987,7 +1987,7 @@ void plWaveSet7::IAddBumpPixelShader(hsGMaterial* mat, int iShader, int iFirst,
             int iShader = iBase / kBumpPerPass;
 
             plShader* pShader = new plShader;
-            plString buff = plString::Format("%s_BumpPS_%d", GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), iShader);
+            plString buff = plFormat("{}_BumpPS_{}", GetKey()->GetName(), iShader);
             hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, pShader, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
             pShader->SetIsPixelShader(true);
             
@@ -2029,7 +2029,7 @@ void plWaveSet7::IAddBumpPixelShader(hsGMaterial* mat, int iShader, int iFirst,
 plDrawableSpans* plWaveSet7::ICreateBumpDrawable()
 {
     fBumpDraw = new plDrawableSpans;
-    plString buff = plString::Format("%s_BumpDraw", GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+    plString buff = plFormat("{}_BumpDraw", GetKey()->GetName());
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, fBumpDraw, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
     ICreateClearDrawable(fBumpDraw, fBumpMat);
@@ -2144,7 +2144,7 @@ plRenderTarget* plWaveSet7::ICreateTransferRenderTarget(const char* name, int si
     
     plRenderTarget* rt = new plRenderTarget(flags, size, size, bitDepth, zDepth, stencilDepth);
 
-    plString buff = plString::Format("%s_%s", GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), name);
+    plString buff = plFormat("{}_{}", GetKey()->GetName(), name);
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, rt, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
     return rt;
@@ -2156,7 +2156,7 @@ plLayer* plWaveSet7::ICreateTotalLayer(plBitmap* bm, hsGMaterial* mat, int which
     if( !layer )
     {
         layer = new plLayer;
-        plString buff = plString::Format("%s_%sLayerPS_%d", GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), suff, which);
+        plString buff = plFormat("{}_{}LayerPS_{}", GetKey()->GetName(), suff, which);
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, layer, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
         layer->SetAmbientColor(hsColorRGBA().Set(0.f, 0.f, 0.f, 1.f));
@@ -2190,7 +2190,7 @@ plLayer* plWaveSet7::ICreateTotalLayer(plBitmap* bm, hsGMaterial* mat, int which
 plLayer* plWaveSet7::ICreateTotalEnvLayer(plBitmap* envMap, hsGMaterial* mat, int which, const char* pref)
 {
     plLayer* layer = new plLayer;
-    plString buff = plString::Format("%s_%s_EnvLayerPS_%d", GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), pref, which);
+    plString buff = plFormat("{}_{}_EnvLayerPS_{}", GetKey()->GetName(), pref, which);
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, layer, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
     layer->SetBlendFlags(which ? hsGMatState::kBlendAddSigned : 0);
@@ -2290,7 +2290,7 @@ void plWaveSet7::IAddShoreVertexShader(hsGMaterial* mat)
 
         plShader* vShader = new plShader;
 
-        plString buff = plString::Format("%s_ShoreVS", GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+        plString buff = plFormat("{}_ShoreVS", GetKey()->GetName());
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, vShader, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
         vShader->SetIsPixelShader(false);
         
@@ -2343,7 +2343,7 @@ void plWaveSet7::IAddShorePixelShader(hsGMaterial* mat)
     {
         plShader* pShader = new plShader;
 
-        plString buff = plString::Format("%s_ShorePS", GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+        plString buff = plFormat("{}_ShorePS", GetKey()->GetName());
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, pShader, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
         pShader->SetIsPixelShader(true);
 
@@ -2366,7 +2366,7 @@ void plWaveSet7::IAddFixedVertexShader(hsGMaterial* mat, const int numUVWs)
 
         plShader* vShader = new plShader;
 
-        plString buff = plString::Format("%s_FixedVS", GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+        plString buff = plFormat("{}_FixedVS", GetKey()->GetName());
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, vShader, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
         vShader->SetIsPixelShader(false);
         
@@ -2435,7 +2435,7 @@ void plWaveSet7::IAddFixedPixelShader(hsGMaterial* mat)
     if( !fFixedPShader )
     {
         plShader* pShader = new plShader;
-        plString buff = plString::Format("%s_FixedPS", GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+        plString buff = plFormat("{}_FixedPS", GetKey()->GetName());
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, pShader, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
         pShader->SetIsPixelShader(true);
         
@@ -2463,7 +2463,7 @@ void plWaveSet7::IAddRipVertexShader(hsGMaterial* mat, const plRipVSConsts& ripC
     if( !fRipVShader )
     {
         plShader* vShader = new plShader;
-        plString buff = plString::Format("%s_RipVS", GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+        plString buff = plFormat("{}_RipVS", GetKey()->GetName());
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, vShader, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
         vShader->SetIsPixelShader(false);
         
@@ -2548,7 +2548,7 @@ void plWaveSet7::IAddRipPixelShader(hsGMaterial* mat, const plRipVSConsts& ripCo
     if( !fRipPShader )
     {
         plShader* pShader = new plShader;
-        plString buff = plString::Format("%s_RipPS", GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+        plString buff = plFormat("{}_RipPS", GetKey()->GetName());
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, pShader, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
         pShader->SetIsPixelShader(true);
         
@@ -2607,7 +2607,7 @@ plShader* plWaveSet7::ICreateDecalVShader(DecalVType t)
 
 
         plShader* vShader = new plShader;
-        plString buff = plString::Format("%s_%s", GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), fname[t]);
+        plString buff = plFormat("{}_{}", GetKey()->GetName(), fname[t]);
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, vShader, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
         vShader->SetIsPixelShader(false);
         
@@ -2735,7 +2735,7 @@ plShader* plWaveSet7::ICreateDecalPShader(DecalPType t)
 
         plShader* pShader = new plShader;
 
-        plString buff = plString::Format("%s_%s", GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), fname[t]);
+        plString buff = plFormat("{}_{}", GetKey()->GetName(), fname[t]);
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, pShader, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
         pShader->SetIsPixelShader(true);
 
@@ -3676,7 +3676,7 @@ plDrawableSpans* plWaveSet7::ICreateGraphDrawable(plDrawableSpans* drawable, hsG
 plDrawableSpans* plWaveSet7::ICreateEmptyGraphDrawable(const char* name, uint32_t ref, int which)
 {
     plDrawableSpans* drawable = new plDrawableSpans;
-    plString buff = plString::Format("%s_%s_%d", GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), name, which);
+    plString buff = plFormat("{}_{}_{}", GetKey()->GetName(), name, which);
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, drawable, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->SendRef(drawable->GetKey(), new plGenRefMsg(GetKey(), plRefMsg::kOnRequest, which, (int8_t)ref), plRefFlags::kActiveRef);
@@ -3688,7 +3688,7 @@ hsGMaterial* plWaveSet7::ICreateEmptyMaterial(const char* name, uint32_t ref, in
 {
     hsGMaterial* mat = new hsGMaterial;
 
-    plString buff = plString::Format("%s_%s_%d", GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), name, which);
+    plString buff = plFormat("{}_{}_{}", GetKey()->GetName(), name, which);
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, mat, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->SendRef(mat->GetKey(), new plGenRefMsg(GetKey(), plRefMsg::kOnRequest, which, (int8_t)ref), plRefFlags::kActiveRef);
@@ -3699,7 +3699,7 @@ hsGMaterial* plWaveSet7::ICreateEmptyMaterial(const char* name, uint32_t ref, in
 plLayer* plWaveSet7::ICreateBlankLayer(const char* name, int suff)
 {
     plLayer* lay = new plLayer;
-    plString buff = plString::Format("%s_%s_%d", GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), name, suff);
+    plString buff = plFormat("{}_{}_{}", GetKey()->GetName(), name, suff);
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, lay, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
     return lay;
@@ -3714,7 +3714,7 @@ plMipmap* plWaveSet7::ICreateBlankTex(const char* name, int width, int height, u
         plMipmap::kUncompressed,
         plMipmap::UncompressedInfo::kRGB8888);
 
-    plString buff = plString::Format("%s_%s", GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), name);
+    plString buff = plFormat("{}_{}", GetKey()->GetName(), name);
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, mipMap, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->SendRef(mipMap->GetKey(), new plGenRefMsg(GetKey(), plRefMsg::kOnRequest, 0, (int8_t)ref), plRefFlags::kActiveRef);
@@ -4120,7 +4120,7 @@ void plWaveSet7::IAddGraphVShader(hsGMaterial* mat, int iPass)
     if( !fGraphVShader[iPass] )
     {
         plShader* vShader = new plShader;
-        plString buff = plString::Format("%s_GraphVS_%d", GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), iPass);
+        plString buff = plFormat("{}_GraphVS_{}", GetKey()->GetName(), iPass);
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, vShader, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
         vShader->SetIsPixelShader(false);
 
@@ -4154,7 +4154,7 @@ void plWaveSet7::IAddGraphPShader(hsGMaterial* mat, int iPass)
     if( !fGraphPShader[iPass] )
     {
         plShader* pShader = new plShader;
-        plString buff = plString::Format("%s_GraphPS_%d", GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), iPass);
+        plString buff = plFormat("{}_GraphPS_{}", GetKey()->GetName(), iPass);
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, pShader, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
         pShader->SetIsPixelShader(true);
         
@@ -4228,7 +4228,7 @@ void plWaveSet7::IMakeShoreLayer(hsGMaterial* mat, int which)
     if( which >= mat->GetNumLayers() )
     {
         plLayer* lay = new plLayer;
-        name = plString::Format("%s_lay_%d", mat->GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), which);
+        name = plFormat("{}_lay_{}", mat->GetKey()->GetName(), which);
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(name, lay, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
         lay->SetAmbientColor(hsColorRGBA().Set(0.f, 0.f, 0.f, 1.f));

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plGImage/plFontCache.cpp

@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ void plFontCache::ILoadCustomFonts( void )
             plString keyName;
             if (font->GetKey() == nil)
             {
-                keyName = plString::Format( "%s-%d", font->GetFace().c_str(), font->GetSize() );
+                keyName = plFormat("{}-{}", font->GetFace(), font->GetSize());
                 hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey( keyName, font, plLocation::kGlobalFixedLoc );
             }
 

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plInputCore/plSceneInputInterface.cpp

@@ -837,13 +837,16 @@ void plSceneInputInterface::ILinkOffereeToAge()
         plString title, desc;
 
         unsigned nameLen = plNetClientMgr::GetInstance()->GetPlayerName().GetSize();
-        if (plNetClientMgr::GetInstance()->GetPlayerName().CharAt(nameLen - 1) == 's' || plNetClientMgr::GetInstance()->GetPlayerName().CharAt(nameLen - 1) == 'S') {
+        if (plNetClientMgr::GetInstance()->GetPlayerName().CharAt(nameLen - 1) == 's'
-            title = plString::Format( "%s'", plNetClientMgr::GetInstance()->GetPlayerName().c_str() );
+                || plNetClientMgr::GetInstance()->GetPlayerName().CharAt(nameLen - 1) == 'S') {
-            desc = plString::Format( "%s' %s", plNetClientMgr::GetInstance()->GetPlayerName().c_str(), link.GetAgeInfo()->GetAgeInstanceName().c_str() );
+            title = plFormat("{}'", plNetClientMgr::GetInstance()->GetPlayerName());
+            desc = plFormat("{}' {}", plNetClientMgr::GetInstance()->GetPlayerName(),
+                            link.GetAgeInfo()->GetAgeInstanceName());
         }
         else {
-            title = plString::Format( "%s's", plNetClientMgr::GetInstance()->GetPlayerName().c_str() );
+            title = plFormat("{}'s", plNetClientMgr::GetInstance()->GetPlayerName());
-            desc = plString::Format( "%s's %s", plNetClientMgr::GetInstance()->GetPlayerName().c_str(), link.GetAgeInfo()->GetAgeInstanceName().c_str() );
+            desc = plFormat("{}'s {}", plNetClientMgr::GetInstance()->GetPlayerName(),
+                            link.GetAgeInfo()->GetAgeInstanceName());
         }
 
         info.SetAgeUserDefinedName( title.c_str() );

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plModifier/plSDLModifier.cpp

@@ -203,8 +203,8 @@ void plSDLModifier::ReceiveState(const plStateDataRecord* srcState)
     {
         gMooseDump=true;
         plNetObjectDebugger::GetInstance()->SetDebugging(true);
-        srcState->DumpToObjectDebugger(plString::Format("Object %s RECVS SDL state",
+        srcState->DumpToObjectDebugger(plFormat("Object {} RECVS SDL state",
-            GetStateOwnerKey()->GetName().c_str()).c_str());
+                                       GetStateOwnerKey()->GetName()).c_str());
         gMooseDump=false;
     }
 

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plNetClient/plNetCliAgeJoiner.cpp

@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ void plNCAgeJoiner::ExecNextOp () {
             // Start progress bar
             plString str;
 #ifndef PLASMA_EXTERNAL_RELEASE
-            str = plString::Format("Loading age... %s", age.ageDatasetName);
+            str = plFormat("Loading age... {}", age.ageDatasetName);
 #endif
             progressBar = plProgressMgr::GetInstance()->RegisterOperation(0, str.c_str(), plProgressMgr::kNone, false, true);
             plDispatch::SetMsgRecieveCallback(IDispatchMsgReceiveCallback);

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plNetClient/plNetClientMgrSend.cpp

@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ int plNetClientMgr::SendMsg(plNetMessage* msg)
     if (plNetMsgGameMessage::ConvertNoRef(msg))
         SetFlagsBit(kSendingActions);
     
-    plCheckNetMgrResult_ValReturn(ret, plString::Format("Failed to send %s, NC ret=%d",
+    plCheckNetMgrResult_ValReturn(ret, plFormat("Failed to send {}, NC ret={}",
         msg->ClassName(), ret).c_str());
 
     return ret;

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plNetClient/plNetClientMsgHandler.cpp

@@ -252,10 +252,10 @@ MSG_HANDLER_DEFN(plNetClientMsgHandler,plNetMsgSDLState)
     {
         plString err;
         if (!sdRec)
-            err = plString::Format( "SDL descriptor %s missing, v=%d", descName.c_str(), ver);
+            err = plFormat("SDL descriptor {} missing, v={}", descName, ver);
         else
-            err = plString::Format( "SDL descriptor %s, version mismatch, server v=%d, client v=%d",
+            err = plFormat("SDL descriptor {}, version mismatch, server v={}, client v={}",
-                descName.c_str(), ver, sdRec->GetDescriptor()->GetVersion());
+                descName, ver, sdRec->GetDescriptor()->GetVersion());
 
         hsAssert(false, err.c_str());
         nc->ErrorMsg(err.c_str());

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plNetMessage/plNetMessage.cpp

@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ int plNetMessage::PeekBuffer(const char* bufIn, int bufLen, uint32_t peekOptions
     readStream.LogSetList(el);
     readStream.Init(bufLen, bufIn);
     readStream.LogSubStreamStart("plNetMessage");
-    readStream.LogStringString(plString::Format("ClassName: %s", this->ClassName()).c_str());
+    readStream.LogStringString(plFormat("ClassName: {}", this->ClassName()).c_str());
     int ret;
     if (peekOptions & kBaseClassOnly)
     {

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plPhysX/plPXPhysicalControllerCore.cpp

@@ -857,7 +857,7 @@ void plPXPhysicalControllerCore::IDrawDebugDisplay(int controllerIdx)
     if (controllerIdx == 0)
     {
         y = 10;
-        debugString = plString::Format("Controller Count: %d", gControllers.size());
+        debugString = plFormat("Controller Count: {}", gControllers.size());
         debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, debugString.c_str());
         y += lineHeight;
     }
@@ -866,8 +866,8 @@ void plPXPhysicalControllerCore::IDrawDebugDisplay(int controllerIdx)
     int collisionCount = fDbgCollisionInfo.GetCount();
     if (collisionCount > 0)
     {
-        debugString = plString::Format("Controller #%d (%s) Collisions:",
+        debugString = plFormat("Controller #{} ({}) Collisions:",
-            controllerIdx + 1, gControllers[controllerIdx]->fOwner->GetName().c_str());
+            controllerIdx + 1, gControllers[controllerIdx]->fOwner->GetName());
         debugTxt.DrawString(x, y, debugString.c_str());
         y += lineHeight;
 

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plPhysical/plPhysicalSDLModifier.cpp

@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ void plPhysicalSDLModifier::ILogState(const plStateDataRecord* state, bool useDi
 
     plPhysical* phys = IGetPhysical();
 
-    plString log = plString::Format("%s: %s", phys->GetKeyName().c_str(), prefix);
+    plString log = plFormat("{}: {}", phys->GetKeyName(), prefix);
 
     if (isPosSet)
         log += plString::Format(" Pos=%.1f %.1f %.1f", pos.fX, pos.fY, pos.fZ);

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plPipeline/DX/plDXEnumerate.cpp

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ You can contact Cyan Worlds, Inc. by email legal@cyan.com
 #include "plDXEnumerate.h"
 #include "plPipeline/hsG3DDeviceSelector.h"
 #include "hsGDirect3D.h"
+#include "plFormat.h"
 
 
 //// Local Typedefs ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -84,12 +85,12 @@ HRESULT hsGDirect3DTnLEnumerate::SelectFromDevMode(const hsG3DDeviceRecord* devR
             }
         }
     }
-    plString errStr = plString::Format("Can't find requested device - %s:%s:%s:%s:%s",
+    plString errStr = plFormat("Can't find requested device - {}:{}:{}:{}:{}",
         devRec->GetG3DDeviceTypeName(),
-        devRec->GetDriverDesc().c_str(),
+        devRec->GetDriverDesc(),
-        devRec->GetDriverName().c_str(),
+        devRec->GetDriverName(),
-        devRec->GetDriverVersion().c_str(),
+        devRec->GetDriverVersion(),
-        devRec->GetDeviceDesc().c_str());
+        devRec->GetDeviceDesc());
 
     DWORD enumFlags = 0;
     int width = devMode->GetWidth();

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plPipeline/plCaptureRender.cpp

@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ bool plCaptureRender::Capture(const plKey& ack, uint16_t width, uint16_t height)
     plRenderTarget* rt = new plRenderTarget(flags, width, height, bitDepth, zDepth, stencilDepth);
 
     static int idx=0;
-    plString buff = plString::Format("tRT%d", idx++);
+    plString buff = plFormat("tRT{}", idx++);
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, rt, ack->GetUoid().GetLocation());
 
 
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ bool plCaptureRender::IProcess(plPipeline* pipe, const plKey& ack, plRenderTarge
     static int currentCapIndex = 0;
 
     // Mipmap isn't created with a key so let's give it one now
-    plString buff = plString::Format("CaptureRender_%d", currentCapIndex++);
+    plString buff = plFormat("CaptureRender_{}", currentCapIndex++);
 
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, mipMap, plLocation::kGlobalFixedLoc);
     mipMap->Ref();

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plPipeline/plPlates.cpp

@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ void plPlate::SetTexture(plBitmap *texture)
     plString        keyName;
 
     material = new hsGMaterial();
-    keyName = plString::Format( "PlateBlank#%d", fMagicUniqueKeyInt++ );
+    keyName = plFormat("PlateBlank#{}", fMagicUniqueKeyInt++);
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey( keyName, material, plLocation::kGlobalFixedLoc );
     layer = material->MakeBaseLayer();
     layer->SetShadeFlags( layer->GetShadeFlags() | hsGMatState::kShadeNoShade | hsGMatState::kShadeWhite | hsGMatState::kShadeReallyNoFog );
@@ -207,14 +207,14 @@ plMipmap    *plPlate::CreateMaterial( uint32_t width, uint32_t height, bool with
         /// Create a new bitmap
         fMipmap = new plMipmap( width, height, withAlpha ? plMipmap::kARGB32Config : plMipmap::kRGB32Config, 1 );
         memset( fMipmap->GetImage(), 0xff, height * fMipmap->GetRowBytes() );
-        keyName = plString::Format( "PlateBitmap#%d", fMagicUniqueKeyInt++ );
+        keyName = plFormat("PlateBitmap#{}", fMagicUniqueKeyInt++);
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey( keyName, fMipmap, plLocation::kGlobalFixedLoc );
         fMipmap->SetFlags( fMipmap->GetFlags() | plMipmap::kDontThrowAwayImage );
     }
 
     /// NOW create a layer wrapper and a material for that layer
     material = new hsGMaterial();
-    keyName = plString::Format( "PlateBlank#%d", fMagicUniqueKeyInt++ );
+    keyName = plFormat("PlateBlank#{}", fMagicUniqueKeyInt++);
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey( keyName, material, plLocation::kGlobalFixedLoc );
     layer = material->MakeBaseLayer();
     layer->SetShadeFlags( layer->GetShadeFlags() | hsGMatState::kShadeNoShade | hsGMatState::kShadeWhite | hsGMatState::kShadeReallyNoFog );
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ void plPlate::CreateFromResource(const plString& resName)
         plMipmap* resTexture = new plMipmap;
         resTexture->CopyFrom(plClientResMgr::Instance().getResource(resName));
 
-        plString keyName = plString::Format( "PlateResource#%d", fMagicUniqueKeyInt++ );
+        plString keyName = plFormat("PlateResource#{}", fMagicUniqueKeyInt++);
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(keyName, resTexture, plLocation::kGlobalFixedLoc);
         CreateMaterial(resTexture->GetWidth(), resTexture->GetHeight(), true, resTexture);
     }

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plProgressMgr/plProgressMgr.cpp

@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@ You can contact Cyan Worlds, Inc. by email legal@cyan.com
 
 plProgressMgr* plProgressMgr::fManager = nullptr;
 
-#define LOADING_RES         "xLoading_Linking.%02d.png"
 #define LOADING_RES_COUNT   18
 
 plString plProgressMgr::fImageRotation[LOADING_RES_COUNT];
@@ -83,7 +82,7 @@ plProgressMgr::plProgressMgr()
 
     // Fill array with pre-computed loading frame IDs
     for (int i=0; i < LOADING_RES_COUNT; i++)
-        fImageRotation[i] = plString::Format(LOADING_RES, i);
+        fImageRotation[i] = plFormat("xLoading_Linking.{_02}.png", i);
 }
 
 plProgressMgr::~plProgressMgr()

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plResMgr/plKeyFinder.cpp

@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ class plPageFinder : public plRegistryPageIterator
             }
 
             // Try for full location
-            if (plString::Format("%s_%s", info.GetAge().c_str(), info.GetPage().c_str()).CompareI(fFindString) == 0)
+            if (plFormat("{}_{}", info.GetAge(), info.GetPage()).CompareI(fFindString) == 0)
             {
                 *fPagePtr = node;
                 return false;

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plResMgr/plRegistryNode.cpp

@@ -78,8 +78,8 @@ plRegistryPageNode::plRegistryPageNode(const plLocation& location, const plStrin
 
     // Time to construct our actual file name. For now, we'll use the same old format
     // of age_page.extension
-    fPath = plFileName::Join(dataPath, plString::Format("%s_District_%s.prp",
+    fPath = plFileName::Join(dataPath, plFormat("{}_District_{}.prp",
-                fPageInfo.GetAge().c_str(), fPageInfo.GetPage().c_str()));
+                fPageInfo.GetAge(), fPageInfo.GetPage()));
 }
 
 plRegistryPageNode::~plRegistryPageNode()
@@ -152,8 +152,8 @@ void plRegistryPageNode::LoadKeys()
     hsStream* stream = OpenStream();
     if (!stream)
     {
-        hsAssert(0, plString::Format("plRegistryPageNode::LoadKeysFromSource - bad stream %s,%s",
+        hsAssert(0, plFormat("plRegistryPageNode::LoadKeysFromSource - bad stream {},{}",
-            GetPageInfo().GetAge().c_str(), GetPageInfo().GetPage().c_str()).c_str());
+                             GetPageInfo().GetAge(), GetPageInfo().GetPage()).c_str());
         return;
     }
 
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ void plRegistryPageNode::AddKey(plKeyImp* key)
         // Attempt recovery
         for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++)
         {
-            plString tempName = plString::Format("%s%d", key->GetUoid().GetObjectName().c_str(), i);
+            plString tempName = plFormat("{}{}", key->GetUoid().GetObjectName(), i);
             if (keys->FindKey(tempName) == nil)
             {
                 plUoid uoid(key->GetUoid().GetLocation(), key->GetUoid().GetClassType(), tempName, key->GetUoid().GetLoadMask());

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plResMgr/plResManager.cpp

@@ -1162,8 +1162,8 @@ void plResManager::PageInRoom(const plLocation& page, uint16_t objClassToRef, pl
 
         kResMgrLog(1, ILog(1, "...IGNORING pageIn request; verification failed! (%s)", condStr.c_str()));
 
-        plString msg = plString::Format("Data Problem: Age:%s  Page:%s  Error:%s",
+        plString msg = plFormat("Data Problem: Age:{}  Page:{}  Error:{}",
-            pageNode->GetPageInfo().GetAge().c_str(), pageNode->GetPageInfo().GetPage().c_str(), condStr.c_str());
+            pageNode->GetPageInfo().GetAge(), pageNode->GetPageInfo().GetPage(), condStr);
         hsMessageBox(msg.c_str(), "Error", hsMessageBoxNormal, hsMessageBoxIconError);
 
         hsRefCnt_SafeUnRef(refMsg);

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plSDL/plSDLParser.cpp

@@ -108,8 +108,7 @@ bool plSDLParser::IParseStateDesc(const plFileName& fileName, hsStream* stream,
         if (!strcmp(token, "VERSION"))
         {
             // read desc version
-            hsAssert(curDesc, plString::Format("Syntax problem with .sdl file, fileName=%s",
+            hsAssert(curDesc, plFormat("Syntax problem with .sdl file, fileName={}", fileName).c_str());
-                                               fileName.AsString().c_str()).c_str());
             if (stream->GetToken(token, kTokenLen))
             {
                 int v=atoi(token);
@@ -119,15 +118,13 @@ bool plSDLParser::IParseStateDesc(const plFileName& fileName, hsStream* stream,
         }
         else
         {
-            hsAssert(false, plString::Format("Error parsing state desc, missing VERSION, fileName=%s",
+            hsAssert(false, plFormat("Error parsing state desc, missing VERSION, fileName={}", fileName).c_str());
-                                             fileName.AsString().c_str()).c_str());
             ok = false;
         }
     }
     else
     {
-        hsAssert(false, plString::Format("Error parsing state desc, fileName=%s",
+        hsAssert(false, plFormat("Error parsing state desc, fileName={}", fileName).c_str());
-                                         fileName.AsString().c_str()).c_str());
         ok = false;
     }
 
@@ -136,8 +133,8 @@ bool plSDLParser::IParseStateDesc(const plFileName& fileName, hsStream* stream,
         ok = ( plSDLMgr::GetInstance()->FindDescriptor(curDesc->GetName(), curDesc->GetVersion())==nil );
         if ( !ok )
         {
-            plString err = plString::Format("Found duplicate SDL descriptor for %s version %d.\nFailed to parse file: %s",
+            plString err = plFormat("Found duplicate SDL descriptor for {} version {}.\nFailed to parse file: {}",
-                                            curDesc->GetName().c_str(), curDesc->GetVersion(), fileName.AsString().c_str());
+                                    curDesc->GetName(), curDesc->GetVersion(), fileName);
             plNetApp::StaticErrorMsg( err.c_str() );
             hsAssert( false, err.c_str() );
         }
@@ -164,8 +161,7 @@ bool plSDLParser::IParseStateDesc(const plFileName& fileName, hsStream* stream,
 bool plSDLParser::IParseVarDesc(const plFileName& fileName, hsStream* stream, char token[],
                                 plStateDescriptor*& curDesc, plVarDescriptor*& curVar) const
 {
-    hsAssert(curDesc, plString::Format("Syntax problem with .sdl file, fileName=%s",
+    hsAssert(curDesc, plFormat("Syntax problem with .sdl file, fileName={}", fileName).c_str());
-                      fileName.AsString().c_str()).c_str());
     if ( !curDesc )
         return false;
 
@@ -183,8 +179,8 @@ bool plSDLParser::IParseVarDesc(const plFileName& fileName, hsStream* stream, ch
         // nested sdls
         char* sdlName = token+1;
         plStateDescriptor* stateDesc = plSDLMgr::GetInstance()->FindDescriptor(sdlName, plSDL::kLatestVersion);
-        hsAssert(stateDesc, plString::Format("can't find nested state desc reference %s, fileName=%s",
+        hsAssert(stateDesc, plFormat("can't find nested state desc reference {}, fileName={}",
-                 sdlName, fileName.AsString().c_str()).c_str());
+                 sdlName, fileName).c_str());
         curVar = new plSDVarDescriptor(stateDesc);
     }
     else
@@ -192,21 +188,20 @@ bool plSDLParser::IParseVarDesc(const plFileName& fileName, hsStream* stream, ch
     
     curDesc->AddVar(curVar);
     bool ok=curVar->SetType(token);
-    hsAssert(ok, plString::Format("Variable 'type' syntax problem with .sdl file, type=%s, fileName=%s",
+    hsAssert(ok, plFormat("Variable 'type' syntax problem with .sdl file, type={}, fileName={}",
-                                  token, fileName.AsString().c_str()).c_str());
+                          token, fileName).c_str());
-    dbgStr = plString::Format("\tVAR Type=%s ", token);
+    dbgStr = plFormat("\tVAR Type={} ", token);
     
     //
     // NAME (foo[1])
     //          
     if (stream->GetToken(token, kTokenLen))
     {
-        hsAssert(strstr(token, "[") && strstr(token, "]"), plString::Format("invalid var syntax, missing [x], fileName=%s",
+        hsAssert(strstr(token, "[") != nullptr && strstr(token, "]") != nullptr,
-                fileName.AsString().c_str()).c_str());
+                 plFormat("invalid var syntax, missing [x], fileName={}", fileName).c_str());
         char* ptr = strtok( token, seps );  // skip [
         
-        hsAssert(curVar, plString::Format("Missing current var.  Syntax problem with .sdl file, fileName=%s",
+        hsAssert(curVar, plFormat("Missing current var.  Syntax problem with .sdl file, fileName={}", fileName).c_str());
-                                          fileName.AsString().c_str()).c_str());
         curVar->SetName(token);
         //
         // COUNT
@@ -216,7 +211,7 @@ bool plSDLParser::IParseVarDesc(const plFileName& fileName, hsStream* stream, ch
         curVar->SetCount(cnt);
         if (cnt==0)
             curVar->SetVariableLength(true);
-        dbgStr += plString::Format("Name=%s[%d]", curVar->GetName().c_str(), cnt);
+        dbgStr += plFormat("Name={}[{}]", curVar->GetName(), cnt);
     }
     
     //
@@ -226,8 +221,7 @@ bool plSDLParser::IParseVarDesc(const plFileName& fileName, hsStream* stream, ch
     {
         if (!strcmp(token, "DEFAULT"))
         {
-            hsAssert(curVar, plString::Format("Syntax problem with .sdl file, fileName=%s",
+            hsAssert(curVar, plFormat("Syntax problem with .sdl file, fileName={}", fileName).c_str());
-                                              fileName.AsString().c_str()).c_str());
             // read state var type
             
             plString defaultStr;
@@ -254,8 +248,7 @@ bool plSDLParser::IParseVarDesc(const plFileName& fileName, hsStream* stream, ch
         else
         if (!strcmp(token, "DISPLAYOPTION"))
         {
-            hsAssert(curVar, plString::Format("Syntax problem with .sdl file, fileName=%s",
+            hsAssert(curVar, plFormat("Syntax problem with .sdl file, fileName={}", fileName).c_str());
-                                              fileName.AsString().c_str()).c_str());
             dbgStr += plString(" ") + token;
 
             bool read=stream->GetToken(token, kTokenLen);
@@ -272,15 +265,13 @@ bool plSDLParser::IParseVarDesc(const plFileName& fileName, hsStream* stream, ch
             }
             else
             {
-                hsAssert(false, plString::Format("missing displayOption string, fileName=%s",
+                hsAssert(false, plFormat("missing displayOption string, fileName={}", fileName).c_str());
-                                                 fileName.AsString().c_str()).c_str());
             }
         }
         else
         if (!strcmp(token, "DEFAULTOPTION"))
         {
-            hsAssert(curVar, plString::Format("Syntax problem with .sdl file, fileName=%s",
+            hsAssert(curVar, plFormat("Syntax problem with .sdl file, fileName={}", fileName).c_str());
-                                              fileName.AsString().c_str()).c_str());
             dbgStr += plString(" ") + token;
 
             bool read=stream->GetToken(token, kTokenLen);
@@ -292,8 +283,7 @@ bool plSDLParser::IParseVarDesc(const plFileName& fileName, hsStream* stream, ch
             }
             else
             {
-                hsAssert(false, plString::Format("missing defaultOption string, fileName=%s",
+                hsAssert(false, plFormat("missing defaultOption string, fileName={}", fileName).c_str());
-                                                 fileName.AsString().c_str()).c_str());
             }
         }
 
@@ -301,16 +291,14 @@ bool plSDLParser::IParseVarDesc(const plFileName& fileName, hsStream* stream, ch
         else
         if (!strcmp(token, "INTERNAL"))
         {
-            hsAssert(curVar, plString::Format("Syntax problem with .sdl file, fileName=%s",
+            hsAssert(curVar, plFormat("Syntax problem with .sdl file, fileName={}", fileName).c_str());
-                                              fileName.AsString().c_str()).c_str());
             curVar->SetInternal(true);
             dbgStr += plString(" ") + token;
         }
         else
         if (!strcmp(token, "PHASED"))
         {
-            hsAssert(curVar, plString::Format("Syntax problem with .sdl file, fileName=%s",
+            hsAssert(curVar, plFormat("Syntax problem with .sdl file, fileName={}", fileName).c_str());
-                                              fileName.AsString().c_str()).c_str());
             curVar->SetAlwaysNew(true);
             dbgStr += plString(" ") + token;
         }

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plSDL/plStateDataRecord.cpp

@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ bool plStateDataRecord::Read(hsStream* s, float timeConvert, uint32_t readOption
     // convert to latest descriptor
     // Only really need to do this the first time this descriptor is read...
     plStateDescriptor* latestDesc=plSDLMgr::GetInstance()->FindDescriptor(fDescriptor->GetName(), plSDL::kLatestVersion);
-    hsAssert( latestDesc, plString::Format("Failed to find latest sdl descriptor for: %s", fDescriptor->GetName().c_str() ).c_str() );
+    hsAssert(latestDesc, plFormat("Failed to find latest sdl descriptor for: {}", fDescriptor->GetName()).c_str());
     bool forceConvert = (readOptions&plSDL::kForceConvert)!=0;
     if ( latestDesc && ( forceConvert || ( fDescriptor->GetVersion()!=latestDesc->GetVersion() ) ) )
     {
@@ -493,14 +493,14 @@ void plStateDataRecord::UpdateFrom(const plStateDataRecord& other, uint32_t writ
     if ( GetDescriptor()->GetVersion()!=other.GetDescriptor()->GetVersion() )
     {
         plStateDescriptor* sd=plSDLMgr::GetInstance()->FindDescriptor( other.GetDescriptor()->GetName(), other.GetDescriptor()->GetVersion() );
-        hsAssert( sd, plString::Format( "Failed to find sdl descriptor %s,%d. Missing legacy descriptor?",
+        hsAssert(sd, plFormat("Failed to find sdl descriptor {},{}. Missing legacy descriptor?",
-            other.GetDescriptor()->GetName().c_str(), other.GetDescriptor()->GetVersion() ).c_str() );
+                              other.GetDescriptor()->GetName(), other.GetDescriptor()->GetVersion()).c_str());
         ConvertTo( sd );
     }
 
     hsAssert(other.GetDescriptor()==fDescriptor, 
-        plString::Format("descriptor mismatch in UpdateFromDirty, SDL=%s,%s version %d %d",
+        plFormat("descriptor mismatch in UpdateFromDirty, SDL={},{} version {} {}",
-            GetDescriptor()->GetName().c_str(), other.GetDescriptor()->GetName().c_str(),
+            GetDescriptor()->GetName(), other.GetDescriptor()->GetName(),
             GetDescriptor()->GetVersion(), other.GetDescriptor()->GetVersion()).c_str());
 
     bool dirtyOnly = (writeOptions & plSDL::kDirtyOnly);
@@ -545,9 +545,9 @@ void plStateDataRecord::FlagDifferentState(const plStateDataRecord& other)
     }
     else
     {
-        hsAssert(false, plString::Format("descriptor mismatch in FlagDifferentState, mine %s %d, other %s %d",
+        hsAssert(false, plFormat("descriptor mismatch in FlagDifferentState, mine {} {}, other {} {}",
-            fDescriptor->GetName().c_str(), fDescriptor->GetVersion(),
+            fDescriptor->GetName(), fDescriptor->GetVersion(),
-            other.GetDescriptor()->GetName().c_str(), other.GetDescriptor()->GetVersion()).c_str());
+            other.GetDescriptor()->GetName(), other.GetDescriptor()->GetVersion()).c_str());
     }
 }
 
@@ -599,9 +599,9 @@ void plStateDataRecord::FlagNewerState(const plStateDataRecord& other, bool resp
     }
     else
     {
-        hsAssert(false, plString::Format("descriptor mismatch in FlagNewerState, mine %s %d, other %s %d",
+        hsAssert(false, plFormat("descriptor mismatch in FlagNewerState, mine {} {}, other {} {}",
-            fDescriptor->GetName().c_str(), fDescriptor->GetVersion(),
+            fDescriptor->GetName(), fDescriptor->GetVersion(),
-            other.GetDescriptor()->GetName().c_str(), other.GetDescriptor()->GetVersion()).c_str());
+            other.GetDescriptor()->GetName(), other.GetDescriptor()->GetVersion()).c_str());
     }
 }
 
@@ -744,9 +744,9 @@ void plStateDataRecord::DumpToObjectDebugger(const char* msg, bool dirtyOnly, in
     int numVars = dirtyOnly ? GetNumDirtyVars() : GetNumUsedVars();
     int numSDVars = dirtyOnly ? GetNumDirtySDVars() : GetNumUsedSDVars();
 
-    dbg->LogMsg(plString::Format("%s", fAssocObject.IsValid() ? fAssocObject.GetObjectName().c_str() : " ").c_str());
+    dbg->LogMsg(fAssocObject.IsValid() ? fAssocObject.GetObjectName().c_str() : " ");
     if (msg)
-        dbg->LogMsg(plString::Format("%s%s", pad.c_str(),msg).c_str());
+        dbg->LogMsg(plFormat("{}{}", pad, msg).c_str());
 
     dbg->LogMsg(plString::Format("%sSDR(%p), desc=%s, showDirty=%d, numVars=%d, vol=%d",
         pad.c_str(), this, fDescriptor->GetName().c_str(), dirtyOnly, numVars+numSDVars, fFlags&kVolatile).c_str());
@@ -780,12 +780,12 @@ void plStateDataRecord::DumpToStream(hsStream* stream, const char* msg, bool dir
     int numVars = dirtyOnly ? GetNumDirtyVars() : GetNumUsedVars();
     int numSDVars = dirtyOnly ? GetNumDirtySDVars() : GetNumUsedSDVars();
 
-    plString logStr = plString::Format("%s", fAssocObject.IsValid() ? fAssocObject.GetObjectName().c_str() : " ");
+    plString logStr = fAssocObject.IsValid() ? fAssocObject.GetObjectName() : " ";
 
     stream->Write(logStr.GetSize(), logStr.c_str());
     if (msg)
     {
-        logStr = plString::Format("%s%s", pad.c_str(),msg);
+        logStr = plFormat("{}{}", pad, msg);
         stream->Write(logStr.GetSize(), logStr.c_str());
     }
 

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plSDL/plStateVariable.cpp

@@ -411,9 +411,9 @@ void plSimpleStateVariable::IVarSet(bool timeStampNow/*=true*/)
 plString plSimpleStateVariable::GetAsString(int idx) const
 {
     int j;
-    plString str;
+    plStringStream str;
     if (fVar.GetAtomicCount()>1)
-        str += "(";
+        str << '(';
 
     plVarDescriptor::Type type=fVar.GetAtomicType();
     switch(type)
@@ -431,29 +431,29 @@ plString plSimpleStateVariable::GetAsString(int idx) const
             for(j=0;j<fVar.GetAtomicCount();j++)
             {
                 if (type==plVarDescriptor::kInt)
-                    str += plString::Format( "%d", fI[i++]);
+                    str << fI[i++];
                 else if (type==plVarDescriptor::kShort)
-                    str += plString::Format( "%d", fS[i++]);
+                    str << fS[i++];
                 else if (type==plVarDescriptor::kByte)
-                    str += plString::Format( "%d", fBy[i++]);
+                    str << fBy[i++];
                 else if (type==plVarDescriptor::kFloat  || type==plVarDescriptor::kAgeTimeOfDay)
-                    str += plString::Format( "%.3f", fF[i++]);
+                    str << plString::Format( "%.3f", fF[i++]);
                 else if (type==plVarDescriptor::kDouble)
-                    str += plString::Format( "%.3f", fD[i++]);
+                    str << plString::Format( "%.3f", fD[i++]);
                 else if (type==plVarDescriptor::kTime)
                 {
                     double tmp;
                     Get(&tmp, i++);
-                    str += plString::Format( "%.3f", tmp);
+                    str << plString::Format( "%.3f", tmp);
                 }
 
                 if (j==fVar.GetAtomicCount()-1)
                 {
                     if (j)
-                        str += ")";
+                        str << ')';
                 }
                 else
-                    str += ",";
+                    str << ',';
             }
         }
         break;
@@ -463,15 +463,15 @@ plString plSimpleStateVariable::GetAsString(int idx) const
             int i=idx*fVar.GetAtomicCount();
             for(j=0;j<fVar.GetAtomicCount();j++)
             {
-                str += plString::Format( "%s", fB[i++] ? "true" : "false");
+                str << (fB[i++] ? "true" : "false");
 
                 if (j==fVar.GetAtomicCount()-1)
                 {
                     if (j)
-                        str += ")";
+                        str << ')';
                 }
                 else
-                    str += ",";
+                    str << ',';
             }
         }
         break;
@@ -481,15 +481,15 @@ plString plSimpleStateVariable::GetAsString(int idx) const
             int i=idx*fVar.GetAtomicCount();
             for(j=0;j<fVar.GetAtomicCount();j++)
             {
-                str += plString::Format( "%s", fS32[i++]);
+                str << fS32[i++];
 
                 if (j==fVar.GetAtomicCount()-1)
                 {
                     if (j)
-                        str += ")";
+                        str << ')';
                 }
                 else
-                    str += ",";
+                    str << ',';
             }
         }
         break;
@@ -499,21 +499,21 @@ plString plSimpleStateVariable::GetAsString(int idx) const
             int i=idx*fVar.GetAtomicCount();
             for(j=0;j<fVar.GetAtomicCount();j++)
             {
-                str += "other";
+                str << "other";
 
                 if (j==fVar.GetAtomicCount()-1)
                 {
                     if (j)
-                        str += ")";
+                        str << ')';
                 }
                 else
-                    str += ",";
+                    str << ',';
             }
         }
         break;
     }
 
-    return str;
+    return str.GetString();
 }
 
 //
@@ -2163,8 +2163,8 @@ void plSimpleStateVariable::NotifyStateChange(const plSimpleStateVariable* other
     if (plNetObjectDebuggerBase::GetInstance() && plNetObjectDebuggerBase::GetInstance()->GetDebugging())
     {
         plNetObjectDebuggerBase::GetInstance()->LogMsg(
-            plString::Format("Var %s did %s send notification difference. Has %d notifiers with %d recipients.",
+            plFormat("Var {} did {} send notification difference. Has {} notifiers with {} recipients.",
-                GetName().c_str(), !notify ? "NOT" : "", fChangeNotifiers.size(), numNotifiers).c_str());
+                     GetName(), !notify ? "NOT" : "", fChangeNotifiers.size(), numNotifiers).c_str());
     }
 
 }
@@ -2284,7 +2284,7 @@ void plSimpleStateVariable::DumpToObjectDebugger(bool dirtyOnly, int level) cons
     for(i=0;i<level; i++)
         pad += "   ";
 
-    plString logMsg = plString::Format( "%sSimpleVar, name:%s[%d]", pad.c_str(), GetName().c_str(), GetCount());
+    plString logMsg = plFormat("{}SimpleVar, name:{}[{}]", pad, GetName(), GetCount());
     if (GetCount()>1)
     {
         dbg->LogMsg(logMsg.c_str());    // it's going to be a long msg, so print it on its own line
@@ -2298,13 +2298,13 @@ void plSimpleStateVariable::DumpToObjectDebugger(bool dirtyOnly, int level) cons
         if (fVar.GetAtomicType() == plVarDescriptor::kTime)
         {
             const char* p=fT[i].PrintWMillis();
-            logMsg += plString::Format( "%sVar:%d gameTime:%s pst:%s ts:%s",
+            logMsg += plFormat("{}Var:{} gameTime:{} pst:{} ts:{}",
-                pad.c_str(), i, s.c_str("?"), p, fTimeStamp.Format("%c").c_str() );
+                               pad, i, s, p, fTimeStamp.Format("%c"));
         }
         else
         {
-            logMsg += plString::Format( "%sVar:%d value:%s ts:%s",
+            logMsg += plFormat("{}Var:{} value:{} ts:{}",
-                pad.c_str(), i, s.c_str("?"), fTimeStamp.AtEpoch() ? "0" : fTimeStamp.Format("%c").c_str() );
+                               pad, i, s, fTimeStamp.AtEpoch() ? "0" : fTimeStamp.Format("%c"));
         }
 
         if ( !dirtyOnly )
@@ -2322,7 +2322,7 @@ void plSimpleStateVariable::DumpToStream(hsStream* stream, bool dirtyOnly, int l
     for(i=0;i<level; i++)
         pad += "   ";
 
-    plString logMsg = plString::Format( "%sSimpleVar, name:%s[%d]", pad.c_str(), GetName().c_str(), GetCount());
+    plString logMsg = plFormat("{}SimpleVar, name:{}[{}]", pad, GetName(), GetCount());
     if (GetCount()>1)
     {
         stream->WriteString(logMsg);    // it's going to be a long msg, so print it on its own line
@@ -2336,13 +2336,13 @@ void plSimpleStateVariable::DumpToStream(hsStream* stream, bool dirtyOnly, int l
         if (fVar.GetAtomicType() == plVarDescriptor::kTime)
         {
             const char* p=fT[i].PrintWMillis();
-            logMsg += plString::Format( "%sVar:%d gameTime:%s pst:%s ts:%s",
+            logMsg += plFormat("{}Var:{} gameTime:{} pst:{} ts:{}",
-                pad.c_str(), i, s.c_str("?"), p, fTimeStamp.Format("%c").c_str() );
+                               pad, i, s, p, fTimeStamp.Format("%c"));
         }
         else
         {
-            logMsg += plString::Format( "%sVar:%d value:%s ts:%s",
+            logMsg += plFormat("{}Var:{} value:{} ts:{}",
-                pad.c_str(), i, s.c_str("?"), fTimeStamp.AtEpoch() ? "0" : fTimeStamp.Format("%c").c_str() );
+                               pad, i, s, fTimeStamp.AtEpoch() ? "0" : fTimeStamp.Format("%c"));
         }
 
         if ( !dirtyOnly )

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plSDL/plVarDescriptor.cpp

@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ bool plSDVarDescriptor::Read(hsStream* s)
     plString sdName=s->ReadSafeString();
     uint16_t version = s->ReadLE16();
     plStateDescriptor* sd=plSDLMgr::GetInstance()->FindDescriptor(sdName, version);
-    hsAssert( sd, plString::Format("Failed to find sdl descriptor: %s,%d. Missing legacy descriptor?", sdName.c_str(), version ).c_str() );
+    hsAssert(sd, plFormat("Failed to find sdl descriptor: {},{}. Missing legacy descriptor?", sdName, version).c_str());
     SetStateDesc(sd);
     return true;
 }

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plStatGather/plAutoProfile.cpp

@@ -216,9 +216,9 @@ void plAutoProfileImp::INextProfile()
             plMipmap mipmap;
             if (plClient::GetInstance()->GetPipeline()->CaptureScreen(&mipmap))
             {
-                plString fileName = plString::Format("%s\\%s_%s.jpg",
+                plString fileName = plFormat("{}\\{}_{}.jpg",
-                    plProfileManagerFull::Instance().GetProfilePath().AsString().c_str(),
+                    plProfileManagerFull::Instance().GetProfilePath(),
-                    ageName, fLastSpawnPointName.c_str());
+                    ageName, fLastSpawnPointName);
 
                 plJPEG::Instance().SetWriteQuality(100);
                 plJPEG::Instance().WriteToFile(fileName.c_str(), &mipmap);

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plStatGather/plProfileManagerFull.cpp

@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ plFileName plProfileManagerFull::GetProfilePath()
         plUnifiedTime curTime = plUnifiedTime::GetCurrent(plUnifiedTime::kLocal);
 
         profilePath = plFileName::Join(plFileSystem::GetUserDataPath(), "Profile",
-            plString::Format("%02d-%02d-%04d_%02d-%02d",
+            plFormat("{_02}-{_02}-{_04}_{_02}-{_02}",
                      curTime.GetMonth(), curTime.GetDay(),
                      curTime.GetYear(), curTime.GetHour(),
                      curTime.GetMinute()));

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plStatusLog/plStatusLog.cpp

@@ -330,15 +330,15 @@ bool plStatusLog::IReOpen( void )
         plFileName fileNoExt;
         plString ext;
         IParseFileName(fileNoExt, ext);
-        plFileName fileToOpen = plString::Format("%s.0.%s", fileNoExt.AsString().c_str(), ext.c_str());
+        plFileName fileToOpen = plFormat("{}.0.{}", fileNoExt, ext);
         if (!(fFlags & kDontRotateLogs))
         {
             plFileName work, work2;
-            work = plString::Format("%s.3.%s", fileNoExt.AsString().c_str(), ext.c_str());
+            work = plFormat("{}.3.{}", fileNoExt, ext);
             plFileSystem::Unlink(work);
-            work2 = plString::Format("%s.2.%s", fileNoExt.AsString().c_str(), ext.c_str());
+            work2 = plFormat("{}.2.{}", fileNoExt, ext);
             plFileSystem::Move(work2, work);
-            work = plString::Format("%s.1.%s", fileNoExt.AsString().c_str(), ext.c_str());
+            work = plFormat("{}.1.{}", fileNoExt, ext);
             plFileSystem::Move(work, work2);
             plFileSystem::Move(fileToOpen, work);
         }

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plSurface/hsGMaterial.cpp

@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ plLayer* hsGMaterial::MakeBaseLayer()
 
     plString buff;
     if( !GetKeyName().IsNull() )
-        buff = plString::Format("%s_Layer", GetKeyName().c_str());
+        buff = plFormat("{}_Layer", GetKeyName());
     else
         buff = "Layer";
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey( buff, newLay, GetKey() != nil ? GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation() : plLocation::kGlobalFixedLoc );

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plSurface/plGrassShaderMod.cpp

@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ void plGrassShaderMod::ISetupShaders()
     if (!fVShader)
     {
         plShader* vShader = new plShader;
-        plString buff = plString::Format("%s_GrassVS", GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+        plString buff = plFormat("{}_GrassVS", GetKey()->GetName());
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, vShader, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
         vShader->SetIsPixelShader(false);
         vShader->SetInputFormat(1);
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ void plGrassShaderMod::ISetupShaders()
     if (!fPShader)
     {
         plShader* pShader = new plShader;
-        plString buff = plString::Format("%s_GrassPS", GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+        plString buff = plFormat("{}_GrassPS", GetKey()->GetName());
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, pShader, GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation());
         pShader->SetIsPixelShader(true);
         pShader->SetNumConsts(0);

Sources/Plasma/PubUtilLib/plVault/plDniCoordinateInfo.cpp

@@ -94,6 +94,6 @@ void plDniCoordinateInfo::Write( hsStream* s, hsResMgr* mgr )
 plString plDniCoordinateInfo::AsString( int level ) const
 {
     plString space = plString::Fill( level, ' ' );
-    return plString::Format( "%sDniCoords[%d,%d,%d]", space.c_str(), fHSpans, fVSpans, fTorans );
+    return plFormat("{}DniCoords[{},{},{}]", space, fHSpans, fVSpans, fTorans);
 }
 #endif // def CLIENT

Sources/Tools/MaxComponent/plAnimComponent.cpp

@@ -890,7 +890,7 @@ bool plAnimComponentBase::IMakePersistent(plMaxNode *node, plAGAnim *anim, plErr
     plAGMasterMod *mod = plAGMasterMod::ConvertNoRef(fMods[node]);
     hsAssert(mod != nil, "No MasterMod to make animation persistent!");
 
-    plString buffer = plString::Format("%s_%s_anim_%d", node->GetName(), anim->GetName().c_str(), mod->GetNumPrivateAnimations());
+    plString buffer = plFormat("{}_{}_anim_{}", node->GetName(), anim->GetName(), mod->GetNumPrivateAnimations());
     plLocation nodeLoc = node->GetLocation();
     plKey animKey = hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buffer, anim, nodeLoc);
 

Sources/Tools/MaxComponent/plAudioComponents.cpp

@@ -2317,7 +2317,7 @@ bool    plSound3DEmitterComponent::ConvertGrouped( plMaxNode *baseNode, hsTArray
     if( fIndices.find( baseNode ) != fIndices.end() )
         index = fIndices[ baseNode ];
 
-    keyName = plString::Format( "%s_MergedSound", GetINode()->GetName() );
+    keyName = plFormat("{}_MergedSound", GetINode()->GetName());
 
     plKey buffKey = baseNode->FindPageKey( plSoundBuffer::Index(), keyName );   
     if( buffKey != nil )
@@ -2485,7 +2485,7 @@ bool plBackgroundMusicComponent::Convert(plMaxNode *node, plErrorMsg *pErrMsg)
     if( srcBuffer == nil )
         return false;
 
-    plString keyName = plString::Format( "%s_Win32BgndSnd", GetINode()->GetName() );
+    plString keyName = plFormat("{}_Win32BgndSnd", GetINode()->GetName());
     plWin32Sound *sound = nil;
 
     if( srcBuffer->GetDataLengthInSecs() > 4.f )
@@ -2643,7 +2643,7 @@ bool plGUISoundComponent::Convert(plMaxNode *node, plErrorMsg *pErrMsg)
         return false;
     }
 
-    plString keyName = plString::Format( "%s_Win32GUISound", GetINode()->GetName() );
+    plString keyName = plFormat("{}_Win32GUISound", GetINode()->GetName());
 
     plWin32StaticSound *sound = new plWin32StaticSound;
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(keyName, sound, node->GetLocation(), node->GetLoadMask());

Sources/Tools/MaxComponent/plAvatarComponent.cpp

@@ -509,11 +509,11 @@ void AddClothingToMod(plMaxNode *node, plArmatureMod *mod, int group, hsGMateria
     }
     else 
         base->SetLayoutName("BasicHuman");
-    keyName = plString::Format("%s_ClothingBase", node->GetName());
+    keyName = plFormat("{}_ClothingBase", node->GetName());
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(keyName, base, node->GetLocation());
     plClothingOutfit *outfit = new plClothingOutfit();
     outfit->fGroup = group;
-    keyName = plString::Format("%s_outfit", mod->GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+    keyName = plFormat("{}_outfit", mod->GetKey()->GetName());
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(keyName, outfit, node->GetLocation());
     
     msg = new plGenRefMsg(outfit->GetKey(), plRefMsg::kOnCreate, -1, -1);

Sources/Tools/MaxComponent/plComponentBase.cpp

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ You can contact Cyan Worlds, Inc. by email legal@cyan.com
 *==LICENSE==*/
 
 #include "HeadSpin.h"
+#include "plFormat.h"
 
 #include "plComponentBase.h"
 #include "plComponentReg.h"
@@ -309,7 +310,7 @@ plString plComponentBase::IGetUniqueName(plMaxNodeBase* target)
     hsAssert(thisTargIdx != -1, "Bad target for IGetUniqueName");
 
     if (numUsedTargs > 1)
-        return plString::Format("%s_%d", GetINode()->GetName(), thisTargIdx);
+        return plFormat("{}_{}", GetINode()->GetName(), thisTargIdx);
     else
         return plString::FromUtf8(GetINode()->GetName());
 }

Sources/Tools/MaxComponent/plInventoryObjComponent.cpp

@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ bool plInventoryObjComponent::PreConvert(plMaxNode *node, plErrorMsg *pErrMsg)
 
     // Create and register the ClickDrag's logic component
     plLogicModifier *logic = new plLogicModifier;
-    plString tmpName = plString::Format("%s_%s_LogicModifier", obj->GetKeyName().c_str(), GetINode()->GetName());
+    plString tmpName = plFormat("{}_{}_LogicModifier", obj->GetKeyName(), GetINode()->GetName());
     plKey logicKey = hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(tmpName, logic, node->GetLocation());
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->AddViaNotify(logicKey, new plObjRefMsg(obj->GetKey(), plRefMsg::kOnCreate, -1, plObjRefMsg::kModifier), plRefFlags::kActiveRef);
 

Sources/Tools/MaxComponent/plMiscComponents.cpp

@@ -648,7 +648,7 @@ void    plPageInfoComponent::IUpdateSeqNumbersFromAgeFile( plErrorMsg *errMsg )
         fCompPB->SetValue( kInfoSeqSuffix, 0, 0 );
         return;
     }
-    plFileName path = plFileName::Join(ageFolder, plString::Format("%s.age", curAge));
+    plFileName path = plFileName::Join(ageFolder, plFormat("{}.age", curAge));
 
     IVerifyLatestAgeAsset( curAge, path, errMsg );
     std::unique_ptr<plAgeDescription> aged(plPageInfoUtils::GetAgeDesc(curAge));

Sources/Tools/MaxComponent/plMultistageBehComponent.cpp

@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ void plMultistageBehComponent::FixStageNames()
             for (int i = 0; i < fStages.size(); i++)
             {
                 plBaseStage* stage = fStages[i];
-                stage->SetName(plString::Format("Stage %d", i));
+                stage->SetName(plFormat("Stage {}", i));
             }
         }
     }

Sources/Tools/MaxComponent/plVolumeGadgetComponent.cpp

@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ bool plVolumeGadgetComponent::PreConvert(plMaxNode *node, plErrorMsg *pErrMsg)
     if(fCompPB->GetInt(kVolumeGadgetEnter) || fCompPB->GetInt(kVolumeTriggerOnFacing))
     {   
         plLogicModifier *logic = new plLogicModifier;
-        plString tmpName = plString::Format("%s_Enter", IGetUniqueName(node).c_str());
+        plString tmpName = plFormat("{}_Enter", IGetUniqueName(node));
         plKey logicKey = hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(tmpName, logic, node->GetLocation());
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->AddViaNotify(logicKey, new plObjRefMsg(obj->GetKey(), plRefMsg::kOnCreate, -1, plObjRefMsg::kModifier), plRefFlags::kActiveRef);
 
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ bool plVolumeGadgetComponent::PreConvert(plMaxNode *node, plErrorMsg *pErrMsg)
     if(fCompPB->GetInt(kVolumeGadgetExit))
     {   
         plLogicModifier *logic = new plLogicModifier;
-        plString tmpName = plString::Format("%s_Exit", IGetUniqueName(node).c_str());
+        plString tmpName = plFormat("{}_Exit", IGetUniqueName(node));
         plKey logicKey = hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(tmpName, logic, node->GetLocation());
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->AddViaNotify(logicKey, new plObjRefMsg(obj->GetKey(), plRefMsg::kOnCreate, -1, plObjRefMsg::kModifier), plRefFlags::kActiveRef);
 
@@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ void plVolumeGadgetComponent::ICreateConditions(plMaxNode* node, plErrorMsg* err
         prefix = "Enter";
 
     // Register the detector
-    plString tmpName = plString::Format("%s_%s", IGetUniqueName(node).c_str(), prefix);
+    plString tmpName = plFormat("{}_{}", IGetUniqueName(node), prefix);
     plKey detectorKey = hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(tmpName, detector, loc);
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->AddViaNotify(detectorKey, new plObjRefMsg(obj->GetKey(), plRefMsg::kOnCreate, -1, plObjRefMsg::kModifier), plRefFlags::kActiveRef);
     plVolumeSensorConditionalObject* boxCond=nil;
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ void plVolumeGadgetComponent::ICreateConditions(plMaxNode* node, plErrorMsg* err
     {
         boxCond = new plVolumeSensorConditionalObjectNoArbitration;
     }
-    tmpName = plString::Format("%s_%s", IGetUniqueName(node).c_str(), prefix);
+    tmpName = plFormat("{}_{}", IGetUniqueName(node), prefix);
     plKey boxKey = hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(tmpName, boxCond, loc);
 
     if (enter)

Sources/Tools/MaxConvert/hsConverterUtils.cpp

@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ char *hsConverterUtils::MangleReference(char *mangName, const char *nodeName, co
         // Default is to make it global, but you can set another default (like same
         // room as referencer) with defRoom.
 
-        plString tempName = plString::Format("%s..%s", defRoom, nodeName);
+        plString tempName = plFormat("{}..{}", defRoom, nodeName);
         return hsStrcpy(mangName, tempName.c_str());
     }
 
@@ -278,9 +278,9 @@ char *hsConverterUtils::MangleReference(char *mangName, INode *node, const char*
     )
         tempName = nodeName;
     else if (roomName && *roomName)
-        tempName = plString::Format("%s..%s", roomName, nodeName);
+        tempName = plFormat("{}..{}", roomName, nodeName);
     else
-        tempName = plString::Format("%s..%s", defRoom, nodeName);
+        tempName = plFormat("{}..{}", defRoom, nodeName);
 
     return hsStrcpy(mangName, tempName.c_str());
 

Sources/Tools/MaxConvert/hsMaterialConverter.cpp

@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ void AttachLinkMtlAnims(plMaxNode *node, hsGMaterial *mat)
         animLayer = new plLayerLinkAnimation;
         animLayer->SetLinkKey(node->GetAvatarSO()->GetKey());
         //animLayer->fLeavingAge = leaving[x];
-        plString fullAnimName = plString::Format("%s_%s_%s", oldLayer->GetKeyName().c_str(), animName, suff);
+        plString fullAnimName = plFormat("{}_{}_{}", oldLayer->GetKeyName(), animName, suff);
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(fullAnimName, animLayer, node->GetLocation());
         animLayer->SetOpacityCtl(opaCtl);
         animLayer->GetTimeConvert().SetBegin(times[0]);
@@ -908,7 +908,7 @@ hsGMaterial* hsMaterialConverter::NonAlphaHackPrint(plMaxNode* node, Texmap* bas
     if( !(baseTex && node) )
         return nil;
 
-    plString name = plString::Format("%s_%s_%d", node->GetName(), baseTex->GetName(), 0);
+    plString name = plFormat("{}_{}_0", node->GetName(), baseTex->GetName());
 
     // Search done materials for it
 
@@ -950,7 +950,7 @@ hsGMaterial* hsMaterialConverter::AlphaHackPrint(plMaxNode* node, Texmap* baseTe
     if( !(baseTex && node) )
         return nil;
 
-    plString name = plString::Format("%s_%s_%d_AH", node->GetName(), baseTex->GetName(), 0);
+    plString name = plFormat("{}_{}_0_AH", node->GetName(), baseTex->GetName());
 
     // Search done materials for it
 
@@ -999,7 +999,7 @@ hsGMaterial* hsMaterialConverter::NonAlphaHackVersion(plMaxNode* node, Mtl* mtl,
         return nil;
     }
 
-    plString name = plString::Format("%s_%s_%d", node->GetName(), mtl->GetName(), subIndex);
+    plString name = plFormat("{}_{}_{}", node->GetName(), mtl->GetName(), subIndex);
 
     return ICreateMaterial(mtl, node, name, subIndex, 1, false);
 }
@@ -1014,7 +1014,7 @@ hsGMaterial* hsMaterialConverter::AlphaHackVersion(plMaxNode* node, Mtl* mtl, in
         return nil;
     }
 
-    plString name = plString::Format("%s_%s_%d_AH", node->GetName(), mtl->GetName(), subIndex);
+    plString name = plFormat("{}_{}_{}_AH", node->GetName(), mtl->GetName(), subIndex);
 
     return ICreateMaterial(mtl, node, name, subIndex, 1, true);
 }
@@ -1334,7 +1334,7 @@ hsGMaterial *hsMaterialConverter::IAddDefaultMaterial(plMaxNode *node)
     plLocation loc = node->GetLocation();
 
     hsGMaterial *hMat = new hsGMaterial;
-    hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(plString::Format("%s_DefMat", node->GetName()), hMat, loc);
+    hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(plFormat("{}_DefMat", node->GetName()), hMat, loc);
     
     plLayer *layer = new plLayer;
     layer->InitToDefault();
@@ -1575,7 +1575,7 @@ hsGMaterial *hsMaterialConverter::IProcessCompositeMtl(Mtl *mtl, plMaxNode *node
     uint32_t *layerCounts = new uint32_t[mtl->NumSubMtls()];
     IParamBlock2 *pb = mtl->GetParamBlockByID(plCompositeMtl::kBlkPasses);
     hsGMaterial *mat = new hsGMaterial;
-    hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(plString::Format("%s_%d", name.c_str(), subMtlFlags), mat, node->GetLocation());
+    hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(plFormat("{}_{}", name, subMtlFlags), mat, node->GetLocation());
     
     int multiIndex = IFindSubIndex(node, mtl);
     bool needAlphaHack = node->AlphaHackLayersNeeded(multiIndex) > 0;
@@ -1589,7 +1589,7 @@ hsGMaterial *hsMaterialConverter::IProcessCompositeMtl(Mtl *mtl, plMaxNode *node
         bool usingSubMtl = (i == 0 || pb->GetInt(kCompOn, 0, i - 1));
         if ((bitMask & subMtlFlags) != 0 && usingSubMtl)
         {
-            plString pref = plString::Format("%s_%d", mat->GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), i);
+            plString pref = plFormat("{}_{}", mat->GetKeyName(), i);
 
             subMtl = mtl->GetSubMtl(i);
             if (subMtl != nil && subMtl->ClassID() == PASS_MTL_CLASS_ID)
@@ -1685,7 +1685,7 @@ hsGMaterial *hsMaterialConverter::IProcessMultipassMtl(Mtl *mtl, plMaxNode *node
         if ( ( subMtl->ClassID() == PASS_MTL_CLASS_ID ||
                subMtl->ClassID() == BUMP_MTL_CLASS_ID ) && check != 0)
         {
-            IProcessPlasmaMaterial(subMtl, node, mat, mat->GetKey()->GetName());
+            IProcessPlasmaMaterial(subMtl, node, mat, mat->GetKeyName());
         }
         layerCounts[i] = mat->GetNumLayers();
     }
@@ -1822,7 +1822,7 @@ plLayerAnimation *IConvertNoteTrackAnims(plLayerAnimation *animLayer, SegmentMap
         if (spec->fType == SegmentSpec::kAnim)
         {
             plLayerAnimation *noteAnim = new plLayerAnimation;
-            plString animName = plString::Format("%s_anim_%s", name.c_str(), spec->fName);
+            plString animName = plFormat("{}_anim_{}", name, spec->fName);
             hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(animName, noteAnim, node->GetLocation());
 
             if (animLayer->GetPreshadeColorCtl())
@@ -2049,7 +2049,7 @@ plLayerInterface* IProcessLayerAnimation(plPassMtlBase* mtl, plLayerTex* layTex,
     if( mtl->GetUseGlobal() )
     {
         plLayerSDLAnimation *SDLLayer = new plLayerSDLAnimation;
-        plString animName = plString::Format("%s_anim_%s", name.c_str(), mtl->GetGlobalVarName());
+        plString animName = plFormat("{}_anim_{}", name, mtl->GetGlobalVarName());
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(animName, SDLLayer, node->GetLocation());
 
         SDLLayer->SetVarName((char*)mtl->GetGlobalVarName());
@@ -2150,7 +2150,7 @@ plLayerInterface* IProcessAnimation(plPassMtlBase *mtl, plMaxNode *node, const p
         //  return layerIFace;
         
         plLayerSDLAnimation *SDLLayer = new plLayerSDLAnimation;
-        plString animName = plString::Format("%s_anim_%s", name.c_str(), mtl->GetGlobalVarName());
+        plString animName = plFormat("{}_anim_{}", name, mtl->GetGlobalVarName());
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(animName, SDLLayer, node->GetLocation());
 
         SDLLayer->SetVarName((char*)mtl->GetGlobalVarName());
@@ -3084,7 +3084,7 @@ void hsMaterialConverter::IAppendFunkyLayer(plMaxNode* node, Texmap* texMap, hsG
 
     plBitmap* funkRamp = IGetFunkyRamp(node, funkyType);
 
-    plString name = plString::Format("%s_funkRamp", prevLay->GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+    plString name = plFormat("{}_funkRamp", prevLay->GetKeyName());
 
     plLayer* layer = new plLayer;
     layer->InitToDefault();
@@ -3223,7 +3223,7 @@ void hsMaterialConverter::IAppendWetLayer(plMaxNode* node, hsGMaterial* mat)
     uvwXfm.fMap[1][2] = -1.f / (tr - op);
     uvwXfm.fMap[1][3] = uvwXfm.fMap[1][2] * -tr;
 
-    plString name = plString::Format("%s_funkRamp", prevLay->GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+    plString name = plFormat("{}_funkRamp", prevLay->GetKeyName());
 
     plLayer* layer = nil;
     plKey key = node->FindPageKey( plLayer::Index(), name );
@@ -3695,13 +3695,13 @@ plLayer* hsMaterialConverter::IMakeBumpLayer(plMaxNode* node, const plString& na
     switch( miscFlag & hsGMatState::kMiscBumpChans )
     {
     case hsGMatState::kMiscBumpDu:
-        name = plString::Format("%s_DU_BumpLut", nameBase.c_str());
+        name = plFormat("{}_DU_BumpLut", nameBase);
         break;
     case hsGMatState::kMiscBumpDv:
-        name = plString::Format("%s_DV_BumpLut", nameBase.c_str());
+        name = plFormat("{}_DV_BumpLut", nameBase);
         break;
     case hsGMatState::kMiscBumpDw:
-        name = plString::Format("%s_DW_BumpLut", nameBase.c_str());
+        name = plFormat("{}_DW_BumpLut", nameBase);
         break;
     default:
         hsAssert(false, "Bogus flag input to MakeBumpLayer");
@@ -3779,7 +3779,7 @@ void hsMaterialConverter::IInsertBumpLayers(plMaxNode* node, hsGMaterial* mat, i
                         (bumpLay->GetBlendFlags() & ~hsGMatState::kBlendMask)
                         | hsGMatState::kBlendDot3);
 
-    plString name = mat->GetLayer(bumpLayerIdx)->GetKey()->GetName();
+    plString name = mat->GetLayer(bumpLayerIdx)->GetKeyName();
 
     plLayer* layerDu = IMakeBumpLayer(node, name, mat, hsGMatState::kMiscBumpDu);
     plLayer* layerDv = IMakeBumpLayer(node, name, mat, hsGMatState::kMiscBumpDv);
@@ -4542,7 +4542,7 @@ plClothingItem *hsMaterialConverter::GenerateClothingItem(plClothingMtl *mtl, co
     cloth->fDefaultTint2[1] = (uint8_t)(tint2.g * 255.f);
     cloth->fDefaultTint2[2] = (uint8_t)(tint2.b * 255.f);
     
-    clothKeyName = plString::Format("CItm_%s", cloth->fName.c_str());
+    clothKeyName = plFormat("CItm_{}", cloth->fName);
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(clothKeyName, cloth, loc);
     
     plNodeRefMsg* nodeRefMsg = new plNodeRefMsg(plKeyFinder::Instance().FindSceneNodeKey(loc), 
@@ -4621,7 +4621,7 @@ static int ICompareBaseLayerTexture(const hsMaterialConverter::DoneMaterialData*
     if( !oneTex && twoTex )
         return -1;
 
-    return oneTex->GetKey()->GetName().Compare(twoTex->GetKey()->GetName(), plString::kCaseInsensitive);
+    return oneTex->GetKeyName().Compare(twoTex->GetKeyName(), plString::kCaseInsensitive);
 }
 
 static int IIsAnimatedLayer(const plLayerInterface* lay)
@@ -4678,7 +4678,7 @@ static int ICompareDoneLayers(const plLayerInterface* one, const plLayerInterfac
 
     if( one->GetTexture() && two->GetTexture() )
     {
-        retVal = one->GetTexture()->GetKey()->GetName().Compare(two->GetTexture()->GetKey()->GetName(), plString::kCaseInsensitive);
+        retVal = one->GetTexture()->GetKeyName().Compare(two->GetTexture()->GetKeyName(), plString::kCaseInsensitive);
         if( retVal < 0 )
             return -1;
         else if( retVal > 0 )
@@ -5132,7 +5132,7 @@ hsMaterialConverter::DoneMaterialData* hsMaterialConverter::IFindDoneMaterial(Do
 plMipmap *hsMaterialConverter::GetStaticColorTexture(Color c, plLocation &loc)
 {
     uint32_t colorHex = MakeUInt32Color(c.r, c.g, c.b, 1.f);
-    plString texName = plString::Format("StaticColorTex_4x4_%X", colorHex);
+    plString texName = plFormat("StaticColorTex_4x4_{X}", colorHex);
 
     int w = 4;
     int h = 4;

Sources/Tools/MaxConvert/plBitmapCreator.cpp

@@ -547,9 +547,9 @@ plBitmap *plBitmapCreator::ICreateTexture( plBitmapData *bd, const plLocation &l
                     bd->detailDropoffStart, bd->detailDropoffStop, bd->detailMax, bd->detailMin );
     }
     else if( clipID != -1 )
-        name = plString::Format( "%s*%x#%d", temp.c_str(), bd->texFlags, clipID );
+        name = plFormat("{}*{x}#{}", temp, bd->texFlags, clipID);
     else
-        name = plString::Format( "%s*%x", temp.c_str(), bd->texFlags );
+        name = plFormat("{}*{x}", temp, bd->texFlags);
     if( bd->invertAlpha )
         name += "_inva";
     name += ".hsm";

Sources/Tools/MaxConvert/plClusterUtil.cpp

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ plClusterGroup* plClusterUtil::CreateGroup(plMaxNode* templNode, const char* nam
 {
     plClusterGroup* retVal = new plClusterGroup;
     
-    plString buff = plString::Format("%s_%s_%d", name, templNode->GetName(), fIdx++);
+    plString buff = plFormat("{}_{}_{}", name, templNode->GetName(), fIdx++);
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(buff, retVal, templNode->GetLocation(), templNode->GetLoadMask());
 
     plKey sceneNode = templNode->GetRoomKey();

Sources/Tools/MaxConvert/plLayerConverter.cpp

@@ -570,10 +570,10 @@ plLayerInterface    *plLayerConverter::IConvertDynamicEnvLayer( plPlasmaMAXLayer
     if( anchor == maxNode )
     {
         // Self-anchoring material, make sure the name is unique via the nodeName
-        texName = plString::Format( "%s_cubicRT@%s", plasmaLayer->GetKeyName().c_str(), maxNode->GetName() );
+        texName = plFormat("{}_cubicRT@{}", plasmaLayer->GetKeyName(), maxNode->GetName());
     }
     else
-        texName = plString::Format( "%s_cubicRT", plasmaLayer->GetKeyName().c_str() );
+        texName = plFormat("{}_cubicRT", plasmaLayer->GetKeyName());
 
     plBitmap *texture = (plBitmap *)IMakeCubicRenderTarget( texName, maxNode, anchor );
     if( texture )
@@ -776,10 +776,8 @@ static uint32_t MakeUInt32Color(float r, float g, float b, float a)
 
 plBitmap* plLayerConverter::IGetAttenRamp(plMaxNode *node, BOOL isAdd, int loClamp, int hiClamp)
 {
-    plString funkName = plString::Format("%s_%d_%d",
+    plString funkName = plFormat("{}_{}_{}", isAdd ? "AttenRampAdd" : "AttenRampMult",
-        isAdd ? "AttenRampAdd" : "AttenRampMult",
+                                 loClamp, hiClamp);
-        loClamp,
-        hiClamp);
 
     float range = float(hiClamp - loClamp) * 1.e-2f;
     float lowest = float(loClamp) * 1.e-2f;
@@ -1003,7 +1001,7 @@ plDynamicTextMap    *plLayerConverter::ICreateDynTextMap( const plString &layerN
     
     // Need a unique key name for every layer that uses one. We could also key
     // off of width and height, but layerName should be more than plenty
-    plString texName = plString::Format( "%s_dynText", layerName.c_str() );
+    plString texName = plFormat("{}_dynText", layerName);
 
     // Does it already exist?
     key = node->FindPageKey( plDynamicTextMap::Index(), texName );
@@ -1124,7 +1122,7 @@ plCubicRenderTarget *plLayerConverter::IMakeCubicRenderTarget( const plString &n
 
     /// Now make a modifier
     plCubicRenderTargetModifier *mod = new plCubicRenderTargetModifier();
-    plString modName = plString::Format( "%s_mod", name.c_str() );
+    plString modName = plFormat("{}_mod", name);
 
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey( modName, mod, node->GetLocation() );
     hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->AddViaNotify( cubic->GetKey(), new plGenRefMsg( mod->GetKey(), plRefMsg::kOnCreate, 0, 0 ), plRefFlags::kPassiveRef );

Sources/Tools/MaxConvert/plLightMapGen.cpp

@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ bool plLightMapGen::ICompressLightMaps()
                 {
                     const plLocation &textureLoc = plPluginResManager::ResMgr()->GetCommonPage(orig->GetKey()->GetUoid().GetLocation(),
                                                                                     plAgeDescription::kTextures );
-                    plString name = plString::Format("%s_DX", orig->GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+                    plString name = plFormat("{}_DX", orig->GetKey()->GetName());
 
                     plKey compKey = hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->FindKey(plUoid(textureLoc, plMipmap::Index(), name));
                     if( compKey )
@@ -1255,7 +1255,7 @@ plLayerInterface* plLightMapGen::IMakeLightMapLayer(plMaxNode* node, plGeometryS
             return mat->GetPiggyBack(i);
     }
 
-    plString newMatName = plString::Format("%s_%s_LIGHTMAPGEN", mat->GetKey()->GetName().c_str(), node->GetName());
+    plString newMatName = plFormat("{}_{}_LIGHTMAPGEN", mat->GetKey()->GetName(), node->GetName());
     plLocation nodeLoc = node->GetLocation();
 
     plKey matKey = hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->FindKey(plUoid(nodeLoc, hsGMaterial::Index(), newMatName));
@@ -1293,7 +1293,7 @@ plLayerInterface* plLightMapGen::IMakeLightMapLayer(plMaxNode* node, plGeometryS
     // Make sure layer (and mip) name are unique across pages by putting the page name in
     const plPageInfo* pageInfo = plKeyFinder::Instance().GetLocationInfo(node->GetLocation());
 
-    plString layName = plString::Format("%s_%s_LIGHTMAPGEN", pageInfo->GetPage().c_str(), node->GetName());
+    plString layName = plFormat("{}_{}_LIGHTMAPGEN", pageInfo->GetPage(), node->GetName());
     
     plKey layKey = node->FindPageKey(plLayer::Index(), layName);
 
@@ -1310,7 +1310,7 @@ plLayerInterface* plLightMapGen::IMakeLightMapLayer(plMaxNode* node, plGeometryS
         }
         else
         {
-            plString mipmapName = plString::Format( "%s_mip", layName.c_str() );
+            plString mipmapName = plFormat("{}_mip", layName);
 
             // Deleted the NOTE here because it was incorrect in every meaningful sense of the word. - mf
 
@@ -1320,7 +1320,7 @@ plLayerInterface* plLightMapGen::IMakeLightMapLayer(plMaxNode* node, plGeometryS
 
             if( !mipKey && !fRecalcLightMaps )
             {
-                plString compressedName = plString::Format("%s_DX", mipmapName.c_str());
+                plString compressedName = plFormat("{}_DX", mipmapName);
 
                 plKey compKey = hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->FindKey(plUoid(textureLoc, plMipmap::Index(), compressedName));
 

Sources/Tools/MaxConvert/plMeshConverter.cpp

@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ bool plMeshConverter::IValidateUVs(plMaxNode* node)
 
     if (uvsAreBad)
     {
-        plFileName logfile = plString::Format("UV_%s.log", GetCOREInterface()->GetCurFileName().data());
+        plFileName logfile = plFormat("UV_{}.log", GetCOREInterface()->GetCurFileName().data());
         plStatusLog::AddLineS(logfile, "%s has suspicious UVs", node->GetName());
 
         if (fWarnSuspiciousUVs)

Sources/Tools/MaxMain/plMaxNode.cpp

@@ -1443,7 +1443,7 @@ bool plMaxNode::MakeMesh(plErrorMsg *pErrMsg, plConvertSettings *settings)
         for (i = 0; i < spanArray.GetCount(); i++)
             swapSpans->Append(spanArray.Get(i));
 
-        plString tmpName = plString::Format("%s_SMsh", GetName());
+        plString tmpName = plFormat("{}_SMsh", GetName());
         hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey(tmpName, GetSwappableGeom(), GetLocation(), GetLoadMask());
                 
         return true;
@@ -2255,12 +2255,12 @@ bool plMaxNode::ConvertToOccluder(plErrorMsg* pErrMsg, bool twoSided, bool isHol
         plString tmpName;
         if( GetKey() && !GetKey()->GetName().IsEmpty() )
         {
-            tmpName = plString::Format("%s_Occluder", GetKey()->GetName().c_str());
+            tmpName = plFormat("{}_Occluder", GetKey()->GetName());
         }
         else
         {
             static int numOcc = 0;
-            tmpName = plString::Format("Occluder_%4.4d", numOcc);
+            tmpName = plFormat("Occluder_{_04d}", numOcc);
         }
         plKey key = hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey( tmpName, occ, nodeLoc, GetLoadMask() );
 
@@ -3341,13 +3341,13 @@ plDrawableSpans *plMaxNode::IGetSceneNodeSpans( plSceneNode *node, bool needBlen
     {
         /// Blending (deferred) spans
         spans->SetCriteria( crit );
-        tmpName = plString::Format( "%s_%8.8x_%xBlendSpans", node->GetKeyName().c_str(), crit.fLevel.fLevel, crit.fCriteria);
+        tmpName = plFormat("{}_{_08x}_{x}BlendSpans", node->GetKeyName(), crit.fLevel.fLevel, crit.fCriteria);
     }
     else
     {
         /// Normal spans
         spans->SetCriteria( crit );
-        tmpName = plString::Format( "%s_%8.8x_%xSpans", node->GetKeyName().c_str(), crit.fLevel.fLevel, crit.fCriteria);
+        tmpName = plFormat("{}_{_08x}_{x}Spans", node->GetKeyName(), crit.fLevel.fLevel, crit.fCriteria);
     }
 
     if (GetSwappableGeomTarget() != (uint32_t)-1 || GetSwappableGeom()) // We intend to swap geometry with this node... flag the drawable as volatile

Sources/Tools/MaxMain/plPluginResManager.cpp

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ plKey plPluginResManager::NameToLoc(const plString& age, const plString& page, i
     hsAssert(pageNode != nil, "No page returned from INameToPage(), shouldn't be possible");
 
     // Go find the sceneNode now, since we know the page exists (go through our normal channels, though)
-    plString keyName = plString::Format("%s_%s", age.c_str(), page.c_str());
+    plString keyName = plFormat("{}_{}", age, page);
 
     plUoid nodeUoid(pageNode->GetPageInfo().GetLocation(), plSceneNode::Index(), keyName);
 

Sources/Tools/MaxPlasmaMtls/Layers/plPlasmaMAXLayer.cpp

@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ class plLayerTargetContainer : public hsKeyedObject
 
         plLayerTargetContainer()
         {
-            plString str = plString::Format( "plLayerTargetContainer-%d", fKeyCount++ );
+            plString str = plFormat("plLayerTargetContainer-{}", fKeyCount++);
             hsgResMgr::ResMgr()->NewKey( str, this, plLocation::kGlobalFixedLoc );
         }
 };

Sources/Tools/plFontConverter/plFontConverter.cpp

@@ -570,7 +570,7 @@ void plFontConverter::IBatchFreeType(const plFileName &path, void *init)
 
         fFont->SetFace(fontName);
         plFileName fileName = plFileName::Join(destPath,
-                        plString::Format("%s-%d.p2f", fFont->GetFace().c_str(), fFont->GetSize()));
+                        plFormat("{}-{}.p2f", fFont->GetFace(), fFont->GetSize()));
         hsUNIXStream stream;
         if (!stream.Open(fileName, "wb"))
             QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("ERROR"), tr("Can't open file for writing"));

Sources/Tools/plLocalizationEditor/plAddDlgs.h

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ You can contact Cyan Worlds, Inc. by email legal@cyan.com
 #define __plAddDlgs_h__
 
 #include <QDialog>
-#include "plString.h"
+#include "plFormat.h"
 
 class plAddElementDlg : public QDialog
 {
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ public:
     bool DoPick(); // returns true if [Ok] clicked, false otherwise.
     plString GetValue() const
     {
-        return plString::Format("%s.%s.%s", fAgeName.c_str(), fSetName.c_str(), fElementName.c_str());
+        return plFormat("{}.{}.{}", fAgeName, fSetName, fElementName);
     }
 
 private slots:

Sources/Tools/plLocalizationEditor/plEditDlg.cpp

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ void EditDialog::SaveLocalizationText()
     if (ageName.IsEmpty() || setName.IsEmpty() || elementName.IsEmpty() || elementLanguage.IsEmpty())
         return;
 
-    plString name = plString::Format("%s.%s.%s", ageName.c_str(), setName.c_str(), elementName.c_str());
+    plString name = plFormat("{}.{}.{}", ageName, setName, elementName);
     pfLocalizationDataMgr::Instance().SetElementPlainTextData(name, elementLanguage, text);
 }
 
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ void EditDialog::LoadLocalization(const plString &locPath)
     else
     {
         EnableEdit(true);
-        plString key = plString::Format("%s.%s.%s", ageName.c_str(), setName.c_str(), elementName.c_str());
+        plString key = plFormat("{}.{}.{}", ageName, setName, elementName);
         plString elementText = pfLocalizationDataMgr::Instance().GetElementPlainTextData(key, elementLanguage);
         fUI->fLocalizationText->setPlainText(elementText.c_str());
     }
@@ -306,12 +306,12 @@ void EditDialog::AddClicked()
             plString newLanguage = dlg.GetValue();
             plString ageName, setName, elementName, elementLanguage;
             SplitLocalizationPath(fCurrentLocPath, ageName, setName, elementName, elementLanguage);
-            plString key = plString::Format("%s.%s.%s", ageName.c_str(), setName.c_str(), elementName.c_str());
+            plString key = plFormat("{}.{}.{}", ageName, setName, elementName);
             if (!pfLocalizationDataMgr::Instance().AddLocalization(key, newLanguage))
                 QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("Error"), tr("Couldn't add additional localization!"));
             else
             {
-                plString path = plString::Format("%s.%s", key.c_str(), newLanguage.c_str());
+                plString path = plFormat("{}.{}", key, newLanguage);
                 fCurrentLocPath = "";
                 fUI->fLocalizationTree->clear();
                 fUI->fLocalizationTree->LoadData(path);
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ void EditDialog::DeleteClicked()
         {
             plString ageName, setName, elementName, elementLanguage;
             SplitLocalizationPath(fCurrentLocPath, ageName, setName, elementName, elementLanguage);
-            plString key = plString::Format("%s.%s.%s", ageName.c_str(), setName.c_str(), elementName.c_str());
+            plString key = plFormat("{}.{}.{}", ageName, setName, elementName);
             if (!pfLocalizationDataMgr::Instance().DeleteLocalization(key, elementLanguage))
                 QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("Error"), tr("Couldn't delete localization!"));
             else